关于九品中正制的几个问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 19:40

本文关键词：关于九品中正制的几个问题研究　出处：《南京师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：九品中正制历来是史学界研究的重要课题,诸多的国内外学者都有著书著文对此问题阐述研究,但是遍观诸位先生的研究结论发现,其中有共识亦有分歧。这其中如乡品官品对应关系的问题,南朝九品中正制及中正的地位问题,各位学者没有一个统一的共识。而对于永嘉之乱后,九品中正制在东晋的状况,以及在北朝的发展,学界的相关文章并不多见。关于乡品官品统一性的问题,通过研读前辈学者的研究成果总结相关的结论发现,乡品官品之间当有一定的对应关系。但官品的授予与当世的家世显赫有一定的内在关系。而南朝九品中正制不仅没有衰落的迹象,士族门阀反而通过“二品清官”的形式完全垄断清途,将上品官序的迁转流程完全掌握在自己的手中,九品中正制在南朝得到了发展,士族门阀通过九品中正制完成了对皇权分庭抗礼的历史使命,造就了继东晋之后又一个“王与马,共天下”的格局。关于永嘉之乱后的九品中正制,通过相关的研究推测,认为东晋初年侨州郡县的设置在一定程度上是为了恢复以乡邑品第为基础的九品中正制,除了安置流民,还有提拔北方高等士族子弟入朝做官,抗衡南方吴姓士族的考虑,目的就是为了稳定东晋初年初创的争权,为北伐大业营造稳定的后方环境。而以北魏为例北朝的中正问题,通过与南朝九品中正制的对比研究发现,北朝通过九品中正制,特别是“崔浩国史狱”案之后,对汉族高门的清洗屠杀,以及后期通过对中正人员比例的调整安排,完成了皇权的复兴。北魏一朝在皇权与世家大族争权的过程中,九品中正制一直是主要的斗争领域。唐长孺先生早在《九品中正制度释试》一文中就提出“题无剩义”之慨,但笔者仍希望能对其中的个别问题进行研究。不可否认,所有的研究成果皆是建立在前人的研究基础之上,希望能在这一课题上有些许的补充。当中仍有许多的不足,望与后来者共勉。
[Abstract]:Jiupinzhongzheng system has always been an important topic in the field of historical study, many domestic and foreign scholars have written books on this issue describes the research conclusion, but over the concept of gentlemen, there are also differences. The consensus as official correspondence between rural goods, in the south is the position of the nine and is, scholars do not have a unified consensus. And for the Yongjia rebellion, Jiupinzhongzheng system in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the development in the Northern Dynasties, the academic circles are rare.
On the unity of the official system, based on the research results of predecessors study summarizes related conclusions found between rural goods official when there is a certain relationship. But the official grant and the present prominent family background have relationship. Whereas the Jiupinzhongzheng system not only has no signs of decline. But officials through "two official" in the form of monopoly will clear the way, the transfer of top grade officer order process completely in their own hands, Jiupinzhongzheng system has been developed in the Southern Dynasties, the clan through the Jiupinzhongzheng system to complete the imperial rival historical mission, created following the Eastern Jin Dynasty after another "the king and the horse, a total of the world pattern.
About Yongjia after the chaos of the Jiupinzhongzheng system, through the related research that considers the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the early years of emigrant state and county set up to a certain extent in order to restore it to the hometown of the basis of nine, in addition to resettlement of displaced persons, and promoted higher families into the North towards the South Wu official, contend these considerations, the purpose is to stabilize the power struggle for the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the early years of start-up, Northern Expedition industry to create a stable environment. Behind the forward problems of the Northern Wei Dynasty as an example of the Northern Dynasty, through comparative research with the Jiupinzhongzheng system found by the Jiupinzhongzheng system, especially the "Cui Hao national prison after in the cleaning massacre of Han, and later through the positive proportion of staff arrangement, complete the imperial Renaissance. In the process of the Northern Wei Dynasty once imperial and aristocratic families in the struggle for power, Jiupinzhongzheng system has been the main struggle to lead Domain.
Mr. Tang Changru early in the "Jiupinzhongzheng system release test > a paper on" non left righteousness "of the generous, but I still hope to carry out research on some problems of them. Admittedly, all the research results are established on the basis of previous studies, in the hope of this subject some of them still have many deficiencies, hope and later".

【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K235;D691

【参考文献】