蒂里希“终极关怀”思想的形成

发布时间：2018-03-31 02:26

本文选题：蒂里希　切入点：“终极关怀”　出处：《东北师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 19世纪末资本主义国家工业的迅速发展,导致了政治上的不平衡,因而引发了第一次世界大战,由于第一次世界大战所造成的伤亡和经济萧条,西方人乐观主义的情绪一扫而光,自信心大为动摇。欧洲和北美的神学家们开始冷静地思考现实,自由主义神学逐渐衰落,其主流地位逐渐被新正统派所取代。在德国自由主义神学也有所变化,神学家把存在主义纳入了自由主义神学体系,蒂里希就是其代表人物之一,他关心终极和存在的范畴,他提出的“终极关怀”思想成为当代人文领域广受重视的思想概念。由于受到特殊家庭环境的影响,蒂里希从小就立志成为一个神学家,由于生活在特殊的年代,他的思想受到纳粹的排斥,于是他移民到美国,在那里他发展了他的神学思想。由于受当时国际国内各种因素的影响,当时整个欧洲文化思想界人们处于一种困惑和焦虑之中,各种人从各自的领域寻找解决人类精神上处于困境的方法,在此,蒂里希提出了“终极关怀”的思想。这一思想的提出,成为影响人文科学界的普遍话题。其实这一思想的产生并非偶然,有着深刻的历史和宗教方面的根源,《圣经》上就曾明确写出“你当全心、全灵、全力、全意地爱上主,你的天主,并爱近人如爱自己。这样去做,你便可得永生。”并且告诫人们不可崇拜偶像,伟大的神学家奥古斯丁也曾用“享受”和“使用”来比喻对“终极关怀”的追求。而且历史上许多宗教都表达了对人类的关怀,这些都是蒂里希“终极关怀”思想宗教和历史方面的来源。蒂里希一生中研究的重心就是宗教与文化问题,他的“终极关怀”思想的形成也经历了一个过程,而在他的许多著作中进行多次提及和阐述,他从多角度对“终极关怀”思想进行了解释,如“终极关怀”的对象、表现形式以及终极关怀的内容,他提出了“宗教就是人的终极关怀”、“新存在”问题以及信仰与终极关怀问题,其最终目的是唤醒人们对人类生存和命运的关注。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of industry in capitalist countries at the end of the 19th century led to political imbalances, which led to the first World War, resulting in casualties and economic depression caused by the first World War. Western optimism was wiped out, and confidence was shaken. European and North American theologians began to think calmly about reality, and liberal theology declined. Its mainstream position was gradually replaced by neo-orthodoxy. In Germany, liberalism theology also changed, theologians brought existentialism into the liberal theology system, Tillich was one of its representatives, he was concerned about the category of ultimate and existential. His idea of "ultimate care" has become an important concept in the contemporary humanities. Because of the influence of the special family environment, Tillich has been determined to become a theologian since he was a child, because he lived in a special age. His ideas were rejected by the Nazis, so he emigrated to the United States, where he developed his theology. All sorts of people look for ways to solve the spiritual dilemma of human beings in their respective fields. Here, Tillich puts forward the idea of "ultimate care". It is no accident that this idea is born with deep historical and religious roots, and the Bible clearly states that "you shall love the Lord with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your strength, with all your heart, with all your heart, with all your heart, with all your heart, with all your heart, with all your heart, with all your heart, with all your heart, with all your heart." "your God, and loved his neighbor as he loved himself. Do so, and you will have eternal life." and admonish no one to worship idols, The great theologian Augustine used "enjoyment" and "use" to describe the pursuit of "ultimate care." and many religions throughout history have expressed concern for humanity. These are the source of Tillich's ultimate concern for thought, religion and history. The focus of his life is religion and culture, and the formation of his "ultimate concern" has gone through a process, which has been mentioned and elaborated in many of his works. He explains the thought of "ultimate concern" from many angles, such as the object, the form of expression and the content of ultimate concern. He put forward "religion is man's ultimate concern", "new existence" and "belief and ultimate concern", whose ultimate purpose is to arouse people's attention to human existence and destiny.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：B978

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