医疗过错认定标准研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 14:02

本文选题：医疗损害　切入点：医疗过错　出处：《西南政法大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前医疗损害案件不断增多，医患矛盾突出，医疗损害已成为学界乃至社会各界讨论的热点问题之一。侵权责任法的颁布实施，明确了医疗损害责任的一般归责原则为过错责任原则，这种变化可以看作为是立法者出于对患者生命健康权、医生合法权益和医学发展进步的利益平衡。过错原则下的医疗损害案件，由患者来举证医方过错无疑要承受巨大的压力，一方面患者在知识能力等方面相对医方处于弱势地位，另一方面当前我国的过错认定标准不够具体，缺乏可操作性。这样的局面下由患者举证是很不公平的，很多患者只能寄希望于医学鉴定，，但是因为鉴定的不中立不合理等弊端，再加上没有具体的医疗过错认定标准，鉴定结论的科学性权威性也是值得怀疑的。所以本文从医疗损害的过错认定标准去探讨具有很强的针对性，也具有很强的理论以及实践意义。文章开始在引言部分介绍了关于医疗过错认定标准的国内外研究现状，并在全面评价学术界已取得研究成果的基础上，客观地归纳出文章的创新之处。正文共内容分为四个部分。一、关于医疗过错的判断标准研究，文中第一部分首先对于侵权责任法的一般过错理论作出探讨。主要围绕过错的本质属性与过错的判断标准而展开。关于过错的本质属性问题在比较了不同种的理论之后，提出了过错本质属性与判断标准严格区分原则，接着围绕过错的判断标准重点从注意义务角度而展开。二、这一部分阐述了医疗过错的概念、医疗过错认定对于医疗损害案件处理的重要意义以及我国现行法律中关于医疗过错认定存在的问题。三、医疗损害案件中医疗过错判断。这是本文的重点讨论内容。根据一般侵权中的过错判断思路，文中围绕医疗注意义务以及医疗过错的客观判断标准两方面展开论述。尤其是在如何理清这二者之间的关系问题上成为本文写作中一个难点问题。文章在梳理了医疗注意义务的具体类型之后，通过比较分析的方法，借鉴国内外的医疗过错判断标准理论，提出自己的认识。四、针对第二部分我国医疗过错判断方面存在的问题，提出一些完善建议，期望能够平衡医疗机构与患者之间的权利义务关系，从而促使医患关系和谐发展。
[Abstract]:At present, the medical injury cases are increasing, the contradiction between doctors and patients is prominent, the medical damage has become one of the hot issues discussed by the academic circles and even the social circles, the promulgation and implementation of the tort liability law, It is clear that the general principle of liability for medical damage is the principle of fault liability, and this change can be regarded as the legislator's right to life and health of patients. Doctors' legitimate rights and interests are balanced with the interests of medical development and progress. In cases of medical injury under the principle of fault, there is no doubt that patients have to bear enormous pressure to prove that the doctors are at fault. On the one hand, patients are in a weak position relative to the doctors in terms of their knowledge and ability. On the other hand, the current standards of fault determination in our country are not specific enough and lack of maneuverability. In such a situation, it is very unfair for patients to prove evidence. Many patients can only rely on medical expertise, but because of the irneutrality and irrationality of the identification, and so on, In addition, there is no specific medical fault identification standard, and the scientific authority of the identification conclusion is also doubtful. Therefore, this article discusses the fault identification standard of medical damage from a very strong pertinence. Also has the very strong theory as well as the practice significance. At the beginning of the article, the author introduces the domestic and international research status of medical fault identification standard in the introduction part, and summarizes the innovation of the article objectively on the basis of the comprehensive evaluation of the research results in academic circles. The text is divided into four parts. First, a study on the criteria for judging medical mistakes, In the first part of this paper, the general fault theory of tort liability law is discussed. It mainly revolves around the essential attribute of fault and the judgment standard of fault. After comparing different kinds of theories, the problem of essential attribute of fault is discussed. This paper puts forward the principle of strict distinction between the essential attribute of fault and the criterion of judgment, and then focuses on the duty of care around the criterion of fault. Second, this part expounds the concept of medical fault, the significance of medical fault determination for medical injury cases and the problems of medical fault determination in the current law of our country. Third, medical fault judgment in medical injury cases. This is the main content of this paper. This paper focuses on the duty of care and the objective judgment standard of medical fault, especially on how to clarify the relationship between the two, which has become a difficult problem in the writing of this paper. After the specific types of medical care obligations, Through the method of comparative analysis, draw lessons from the domestic and foreign medical fault judgment standard theory, put forward own understanding. Fourth, in view of the second part of our country medical treatment fault judgment aspect existence question, proposed some consummation suggestions, hoped can balance the medical institution and the patient the right obligation relations, thus impels the doctor-patient relationship to develop harmoniously.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.16

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