“十二五”期间安徽省农村干部职务犯罪研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 20:38

本文选题：安徽省　切入点：农村干部　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】："十二五"时期,是农业农村发展的又一个黄金期。粮食连年高产,农民收入持续较快增长,与此同时,农村基础设施也得到了明显改善,提高了农民群众的生活水平,这些都夯实了党在农村的执政基础。但是在不断全面深化改革的大背景下,农村也暴露出越来越多的问题,其中农村干部的职务犯罪问题引起了越来越多的学者和媒体的关注。村干部俗称"村官",它并非一个法学概念,而是一个政治学或者社会学概念,农村干部是一个特殊的群体,它具体包括村委会及其下级组织成员、村党委成员、村务监督委员会成员、村民小组成员、大学生村官等,村干部不在编不是公务员的一部分,属于农民的一员但又区别于一般的农民,他们可以实施公务性质的职务行为,也可以实施管理村集体公共事务的职务行为,所以村干部职务犯罪所涉及的领域比其他国家工作人员的职务犯罪范围要广。笔者搜集并整理"十二五"期间安徽省农村干部职务犯罪的案例有100件,涉案人数为179人,遍及全省16个地级市,是具有一定的代表性的。通过对这些样本案例的分析得出以下犯罪现象:在犯罪人的身份信息方面,安徽省农村干部职务犯罪的犯罪人以男性为主,大多数犯罪人都是中年人,这些犯罪人的文化程度以初中、高中学历为主,并且安徽省农村干部职务犯罪的犯罪人以中共党员居多;在犯罪人地域信息方面,安徽省皖北地区与江淮地区的农村干部职务犯罪的案发数量较多,而在地级市中,六安市的农村干部职务犯罪的案发数量最多;在犯罪人职务信息方面,安徽省农村干部职务犯罪的犯罪人以村支书、村主任、村文书为主,单独犯罪的案件比共同犯罪的案件稍多;在犯罪人犯罪事实方面,在安徽省农村干部职务犯罪的案件中以涉及到国家惠农资金和各项补助款的犯罪为主;而且安徽省农村干部第一次实施职务犯罪行为至案发时的平均持续时间较长;在犯罪人涉案金额方面,安徽省农村干部职务犯罪的涉案金额主要在三万元以上不满二十万元这个区间;在犯罪人所判刑罚方面,安徽省农村干部职务犯罪的犯罪人被判处的罪名以贪污罪为主,且犯罪人被判处缓刑的比重较高。在深入剖析农村干部职务犯罪的产生与发展的原因的基础上,笔者认为其与惩治职务犯罪的威慑力、实施职务犯罪的机会和职务犯罪的动机这三者的关联性较强,归纳出以下原因:惩治村干部职务犯罪的威慑力不足,犯罪的村干部被判处财产刑、资格刑的较少,也未将村干部的个人财产状况作为任期和离职经济责任审计的内容,使村干部犯罪后的收益大、成本小;村干部实施职务犯罪的机会较多,由于村务公开机制不完善、村民监督意愿弱等导致农村监督制约机制不健全,给村干部实施职务犯罪留下了较大空间;村干部实施职务犯罪的动机较强,村干部的待遇差、法律意识差,诱发了其职务犯罪的动机。针对上述村干部职务犯罪的三大原因,笔者在惩戒机制方面、预防机制方面、心理机制方面等三方面提出治理对策,并强调在治理农村干部职务犯罪中,一定要尊重和保障农民的主体地位,农民是农村反职务犯罪的第一道防线,也是农村反职务犯罪的主力军,应当充分发挥农民的智慧,不断完善村民自我管理的方式,让村干部的权力在内部受到约束,并让分歧与矛盾在内部解决。
[Abstract]:"12th Five-Year" period, is also a golden period of development of agriculture and rural areas. In recent years the grain yield, farmers' income continued to grow rapidly, at the same time, rural infrastructure has been significantly improved, to improve the living standards of the peasants, which consolidate the party's ruling foundation in rural areas. But in the background of continuously deepening the reform under the countryside also exposed more and more problems, the duty crime problem of rural cadres which attracted more and more scholars and media attention. The village cadres known as "village", it is not a legal concept, but a political or social concept, rural cadres are a special group, it including the village committee and its subordinate members of the organization, the village Party members, members of village committee, village group members, college-graduate village official, village cadres are not part of the series is not official, belong to the farmers A member but different from the general farmers, they can implement official duties in nature, duty behavior can also implement the village collective management of public affairs, and village cadres crimes involved in the field than any other state functionary crime scope. The author collected the "12th Five-Year" period of rural cadres Anhui Province, the duty crime case has 100, the number of 179 people, 16 prefecture level cities throughout the province, is quite representative. Through the analysis of these cases the following crimes: in the aspect of identity crime, Anhui province rural cadres crimes criminals dominated by men, most of the crimes are middle-aged, cultural degree of these criminals in junior high school, high school education, and rural cadres in Anhui province post crime to the majority of people in the Communist Party members; crime Geographical information, Anhui Province, Northern Anhui Jianghuai area and the rural cadres crime crime number, while in the prefecture level city of Lu'an City, the number of rural cadres duty crime most; in criminal duty information, Anhui province rural cadres crime in the village party secretary, director of the village, the village clerk mainly, slightly more than in the case of crime of joint crime in criminal cases; criminal facts, in rural Anhui province cadre duty crime case to involve national Hui Nong grant funds and the crime; the average duration of rural cadres in Anhui province and the implementation of the first duty crime to the time longer in the criminal; involving, involving Anhui province rural cadres crimes mainly in the thirty thousand yuan less than two hundred thousand yuan this interval; in criminal penalty Anhui Province, rural cadres crimes criminals sentenced to charges of embezzlement and crime, a higher proportion of people were sentenced to probation. On the basis of in-depth analysis of the reasons for the emergence and development of the rural cadres crimes, the author thinks that the punishment and crime deterrent force, the implementation of job-related crimes and opportunities the crime motive of the three strong correlation, summed up the following reasons: lack of punishment of village cadres crime deterrent, crime of village cadres sentenced to property penalty, qualification penalty is less, nor will the personal property status of village cadres tenure and turnover as the content of economic responsibility audit, the village cadres crime after the return, the cost is small; the implementation of job-related crimes of village cadres more opportunities because of village affairs mechanism is not perfect, the supervision of the villagers will lead to rural weak supervision mechanism is not perfect, to the village cadres The implementation of the duty crime has left a large space; the implementation of village cadres crime motivation, treatment of village cadres is poor, poor awareness of the law, the motivation of their crimes. For three reasons by the village cadres crime, the punishment mechanism, prevention mechanism, psychological mechanism and so on three aspects put forward the countermeasures, and emphasizes on the governance of rural cadres crimes, must respect and safeguard the dominant position of farmers and farmers is the first line of defense against the rural duty crime, and is also the main force of rural anti crime, should give full play to their wisdom, and constantly improve the villagers' self-management mode, let the power of village cadres in the internal constraint, and let the differences and contradictions in the internal solution.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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