未成年人父母监护权撤销制度研究

发布时间：2018-08-17 14:44

【摘要】：本文从我国现行法律规定中关于父母监护权撤销制度存在的缺陷和问题入手,对现行未成年人监护人撤销制度从实体和程序层面存在的不足进行了分析,并对大陆法系与英美法系国家关于监护权撤销制度进行了比较考察,借鉴国外成熟立法经验,提出了完善未成年人父母监护权撤销制度的一些具体建议。引言部分主要是将引发监护权撤销制度思考的实务案例进行分析;第一部分是我国监护权撤销制度的现状及存在。主要分析了我国现行司法实践中,主要是2015年开始实施的《关于依法处理监护人侵害未成年人权益行为若干问题的意见》(以下简称《意见》)中,体现出的对保护未成年人免受来自监护人的侵害行为的创新点,以及仍然存在的监护权撤销之诉的条件、程序等方面存在的问题;第二部分是关于监护权撤销制度的国外立法经验。主要内容是对我国大陆现行法律中对监护权撤销制度的综述,以及大陆法系、英美法系和其他地区对监护权撤销制度的规定,发现对我国立法完善的启示;第三部分是监护权撤销制度的完善建议。主要是针对以上提出的问题,借鉴其他国家和地区的经验,提出笔者自己的见解,在未成年人监护人撤销之诉中剔除原来的未成年人居住地的村(居)民委员会和父母所在单位的诉讼主体资格,引入政府相关部门作为启动主体的建议,细化了未成年人父母监护权撤销之诉的启动条件,明确了未成年人合法权益包括人身权益和财产权益两部分,同时希望加强对未成年人精神健康的侵害行为也能纳入到可撤销父母监护权的范围内,最终要体现监护的国家责任性,进一步强调国家是最终监护人。
[Abstract]:This paper begins with the defects and problems of the revocation system of parental guardianship in the current laws and regulations of our country, and analyzes the deficiencies of the current system of abolishing the guardian of minors from the aspect of entity and procedure. It also makes a comparative study on the revocation system of guardianship in the countries of civil law system and common law system, and puts forward some concrete suggestions on how to perfect the revocation system of parental custody of minors by referring to the mature legislative experience of foreign countries. The first part is the current situation and existence of custody revocation system in China. This paper mainly analyzes the current judicial practice in China, mainly in the opinions on dealing with the Rights and interests of minors by guardians in accordance with the Law (hereinafter referred to as "opinions"), which was implemented in 2015. The innovative points of protecting minors from infringement from guardians, and the existing problems in the conditions and procedures of the revocation of guardianship; The second part is about the foreign legislative experience on the revocation of guardianship system. The main content is the summary of the revocation system of guardianship in the current law of mainland China, as well as the provisions of the civil law system, the Anglo-American law system and other regions on the revocation system of guardianship, and find out the enlightenment to the perfection of the legislation of our country; The third part is the suggestion of perfecting the system of revocation of custody. Mainly aiming at the problems raised above and drawing on the experience of other countries and regions, the author puts forward his own opinions. In the lawsuit for the revocation of a minor's guardian, the village (resident) committee of the original minor's place of residence and the qualification of the litigation subject of the unit in which the parents belong, shall be removed, and the relevant government departments shall be introduced as the proposal to initiate the subject. In this paper, the starting conditions of the lawsuit for the revocation of parental custody of minors are refined, and it is clear that the legitimate rights and interests of minors include two parts: personal rights and interests and property rights and interests. At the same time, it is hoped that the violation of mental health of minors can also be included in the scope of revocable parental custody, and finally the state responsibility of guardianship should be embodied, and the state should be further emphasized that the state is the ultimate guardian.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.9

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