中国近代儿童保护机制的历史演进研究

发布时间：2018-08-31 08:54

【摘要】：保护儿童,让孩子健康成长,是当前社会的每一名家长的心愿,也是整个社会的共识。保护儿童是人类社会发展到一定程度之后自然会产生的,只是在不同的历史时期,理念不同,其表现和侧重点也就不同。在我国古代传统儒家思想的影响下,保护儿童出现端倪。随着近代社会的发展,文明的进步,我国的儿童保护工作呈现新的特点,既受到我国历史传统的影响,同时也吸收并发展了国外儿童保护的先进理念。因此,探析儿童保护机制的历史演进,不仅有助于我们理解儿童保护体系现代化的实践,而且有助于丰富我国当代的儿童保护理论,对完善我国当前的儿童保护机制意义重大。本文主要是对我国近代儿童保护机制的演进历程开展研究的,时间跨度涉及到从1840年鸦片战争到1949年中华人民共和国成立,涵盖整个中国近代史。在马克思辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的指导下,运用文献资料法、调查研究法、历史研究法等,对一百多年的我国近代儿童保护机制的发展演变过程,进行系统的描述和深入的分析,在此基础上,探讨总结我国近代儿童保护机制发展演变的历史经验和教训,并对以后建立专业化、现代化的儿童保护体系做出展望。本文包括四个部分:第一章“绪论”,是对本文选题过程中的思考和认识,以及相关概念的界定和对当前已有的关于儿童保护方面研究成果的评价,明确了研究方法和论文的基本思路,对研究的必要性进行了阐述。在文献阅读的基础上,根据作者的研究主线和不同历史时期的特点,将“1840年-1949年”的近代历史,划分为三个阶段,分别是“1840年-1911年”、“1912年-1928年”、“1928年-1949年”,对这三个阶段的儿童保护机制分别进行研究,主要从时代背景、儿童保护机制的特点、局限性和不足之处、评价与总结几个方面进行分析。最后在结语中对近代儿童保护机制的经验和教训进行总结,以期获得有益于儿童保护事业发展的当代启示。
[Abstract]:It is the wish of every parent and the consensus of the whole society to protect children and make them grow healthily. The protection of children comes naturally after the development of human society to a certain extent, but in different historical periods and different concepts, its performance and emphasis are also different. Under the influence of the traditional Confucianism in ancient China, the protection of children appeared. With the development of modern society and the progress of civilization, the work of child protection in our country presents new characteristics, which is influenced by the historical tradition of our country, but also absorbs and develops the advanced concept of child protection in foreign countries. Therefore, exploring the historical evolution of child protection mechanism is not only helpful for us to understand the practice of the modernization of child protection system, but also helps to enrich the contemporary child protection theory in our country, and is of great significance to improve the current child protection mechanism in our country. This paper mainly studies the evolution of child protection mechanism in modern China. The time span covers the whole modern history of China from the Opium War of 1840 to the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949. Under the guidance of Marxist dialectical materialism and historical materialism, the development and evolution of the child protection mechanism in modern China over a hundred years has been carried out by using the methods of literature, investigation and historical research. On the basis of systematic description and in-depth analysis, this paper discusses and summarizes the historical experience and lessons of the development and evolution of child protection mechanism in modern China, and looks forward to the establishment of a professional and modern child protection system in the future. This paper includes four parts: the first chapter, "introduction", is the thinking and understanding of the process of this topic, as well as the definition of relevant concepts and the evaluation of the current research results on child protection. This paper clarifies the research methods and the basic ideas of the paper, and expounds the necessity of the research. On the basis of literature reading, the modern history of "1840-1949" is divided into three stages: "1840-1911", "1912-1928", "1928-1949" according to the author's main line of study and the characteristics of different historical periods. The three stages of child protection mechanism are studied, mainly from the background of the times, the characteristics of child protection mechanism, limitations and shortcomings, evaluation and summary of several aspects of the analysis. Finally, the author summarizes the experiences and lessons of the modern child protection mechanism in the conclusion, in order to obtain the contemporary enlightenment which is beneficial to the development of child protection.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.5

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