老年人口“整合照料”政策研究
发布时间：2018-09-06 06:22
【摘要】：人口老龄化问题已经在全球范围内出现,如何有效满足日益增长的养老服务需求成为世界各国面临的重大问题。在人口老龄化背景下,"整合照料"理念作为社会服务改革发展的一种政策理念和框架,在养老服务领域中广泛被采用,被用于解决养老服务供给的碎片化及服务质量和效率低下等方面问题。"整合照料"理念下的养老服务体系强调以服务需求为中心,通过各方的协调与合作为老年人提供综合高效的养老服务,老年人口"整合照料"政策正成为各国养老服务体系发展与改革的方向。这一政策既有利于老年群体的多元化养老服务需求的满足,又有利于提升养老服务供给效率和效益。当前,我国的老龄化形势十分严峻,养老服务的供需间的矛盾突出,使得社会养老服务体系面临重大挑战。而老年人口"整合照料"政策可以为我国养老服务体系的改革提供新的发展思路。将通过文献研究法、定量方法和案例分析等研究方法深入研究老年人口"整合照料"政策,并着重探索老年人口"整合照料"政策在我国养老服务领域应用的本土化政策路径。首先,从理论基础上看,马斯洛需求层次理论、积极老龄化理论和社会系统论为老年人口"整合照料"政策提供理论支撑。从本质特征看,它是以满足服务需求为根本目标,协调合作为主要路径,具有全面性、协调性和系统性。其次,从产生的动力看,老年人[J "整合照料"政策具有需求与供给的双重推动力。需求侧动力表现为服务需求的整体性、多层次性与连续性特征;供给侧动力表现为供给内容上缺乏整体性,供给主体上布局不合理与缺乏统筹管理,供给机制上协调机制和需求评估机制不健全。然后,从可行性上看,老年人口"整合照料"政策的实施具有一定的社会基础、政策支持与组织基础以及信息技术保障,但也面临着"未富先老"、部门间壁垒坚实、城乡二元等阻碍性条件。从国际经验看,英国和日本两国的实践经验具有启示意义,即通过以老人的需求为中心,提供全面性的养老服务内容,多元主体协调合作,以社区为平台推动养老服务体系的整合。基于当前我国养老服务的供需状况,结合老年人口"整合照料"政策在我国的可行性分析,借鉴英国和日本的相关国际经验,其本土化的政策路径可以从以下三方面着力:在供给内容层面,提供全面性与连续性的服务内容,健全长期照料机制;在供给主体层面,进行合理布局与统筹管理;在供给机制层面,完善协调机制与需求评估机制。通过供给内容、供给主体、供给机制的"三位一体"的本土化整合的政策路径,从而推动建立全面协调可持续的养老服务体系,积极回应日益增长的老年人口的服务需求。
[Abstract]:The problem of population aging has emerged in the world. How to effectively meet the increasing demand for old-age services has become a major problem all over the world. In the context of the aging population, the concept of "integrated care", as a policy concept and framework for the reform and development of social services, has been widely used in the field of pension services. It is used to address the fragmentation of the provision of pension services and the low quality and efficiency of services. " The old-age service system under the concept of integrated care emphasizes the service demand as the center, and provides the elderly with comprehensive and efficient old-age services through coordination and cooperation. The policy of "integrated care" is becoming the direction of the development and reform of the old-age service system in various countries. This policy is not only conducive to the satisfaction of the needs of diversified old-age services, but also conducive to improving the efficiency and efficiency of the provision of old-age services. At present, the aging situation of our country is very severe, the contradiction between the supply and demand of the old-age service is prominent, make the social old-age service system face the great challenge. The "integrated care" policy of the elderly population can provide a new way of development for the reform of the old-age service system in China. Through the methods of literature research, quantitative method and case study, this paper will deeply study the policy of "integrated care" for the elderly population, and focus on exploring the local policy path of the application of the policy of "integrated care" in the field of old-age service in China. First of all, on the basis of theory, Maslow's theory of hierarchy of needs, the theory of active aging and the theory of social system provide theoretical support for the policy of "integrated care" for the elderly population. From the point of view of essential characteristics, it aims at satisfying the service demand, and coordinates and cooperates as the main path, which is comprehensive, coordinated and systematic. Secondly, from the power of generation, the "integrated care" policy of the elderly [J] has the dual driving force of demand and supply. The demand-side power is characterized by the integrity, multi-level and continuity of the service demand, and the supply-side power is characterized by the lack of integrity in the supply content, the unreasonable layout of the supply subject and the lack of overall management. Supply mechanism coordination mechanism and demand assessment mechanism is not perfect. Then, from a feasibility point of view, the implementation of the policy of "integrated care" for the elderly population has a certain social foundation, policy support and organizational basis, as well as information technology guarantee, but it also faces "old age before becoming rich" and solid interdepartmental barriers. Urban and rural duality and other obstructive conditions. From the point of view of international experience, the practical experience of Britain and Japan has enlightening significance, that is, by taking the needs of the elderly as the center, providing a comprehensive content of old-age care services, various subjects coordinate and cooperate. Community as the platform to promote the integration of the pension service system. Based on the current situation of the supply and demand of the old-age service in China and the feasibility analysis of the "integrated care" policy for the elderly population in China, this paper draws lessons from the relevant international experiences of the United Kingdom and Japan. The policy path of localization can be focused on the following three aspects: providing comprehensive and continuous service content, perfecting long-term care mechanism at the level of supply content, rational layout and overall management at the level of supply subject; At the level of supply mechanism, perfect coordination mechanism and demand assessment mechanism. Through the policy path of "trinity" of supply content, supply main body and supply mechanism, we can promote the establishment of a comprehensive and sustainable old-age service system and respond to the increasing demand of the elderly population.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6
本文编号：2225521
[Abstract]:The problem of population aging has emerged in the world. How to effectively meet the increasing demand for old-age services has become a major problem all over the world. In the context of the aging population, the concept of "integrated care", as a policy concept and framework for the reform and development of social services, has been widely used in the field of pension services. It is used to address the fragmentation of the provision of pension services and the low quality and efficiency of services. " The old-age service system under the concept of integrated care emphasizes the service demand as the center, and provides the elderly with comprehensive and efficient old-age services through coordination and cooperation. The policy of "integrated care" is becoming the direction of the development and reform of the old-age service system in various countries. This policy is not only conducive to the satisfaction of the needs of diversified old-age services, but also conducive to improving the efficiency and efficiency of the provision of old-age services. At present, the aging situation of our country is very severe, the contradiction between the supply and demand of the old-age service is prominent, make the social old-age service system face the great challenge. The "integrated care" policy of the elderly population can provide a new way of development for the reform of the old-age service system in China. Through the methods of literature research, quantitative method and case study, this paper will deeply study the policy of "integrated care" for the elderly population, and focus on exploring the local policy path of the application of the policy of "integrated care" in the field of old-age service in China. First of all, on the basis of theory, Maslow's theory of hierarchy of needs, the theory of active aging and the theory of social system provide theoretical support for the policy of "integrated care" for the elderly population. From the point of view of essential characteristics, it aims at satisfying the service demand, and coordinates and cooperates as the main path, which is comprehensive, coordinated and systematic. Secondly, from the power of generation, the "integrated care" policy of the elderly [J] has the dual driving force of demand and supply. The demand-side power is characterized by the integrity, multi-level and continuity of the service demand, and the supply-side power is characterized by the lack of integrity in the supply content, the unreasonable layout of the supply subject and the lack of overall management. Supply mechanism coordination mechanism and demand assessment mechanism is not perfect. Then, from a feasibility point of view, the implementation of the policy of "integrated care" for the elderly population has a certain social foundation, policy support and organizational basis, as well as information technology guarantee, but it also faces "old age before becoming rich" and solid interdepartmental barriers. Urban and rural duality and other obstructive conditions. From the point of view of international experience, the practical experience of Britain and Japan has enlightening significance, that is, by taking the needs of the elderly as the center, providing a comprehensive content of old-age care services, various subjects coordinate and cooperate. Community as the platform to promote the integration of the pension service system. Based on the current situation of the supply and demand of the old-age service in China and the feasibility analysis of the "integrated care" policy for the elderly population in China, this paper draws lessons from the relevant international experiences of the United Kingdom and Japan. The policy path of localization can be focused on the following three aspects: providing comprehensive and continuous service content, perfecting long-term care mechanism at the level of supply content, rational layout and overall management at the level of supply subject; At the level of supply mechanism, perfect coordination mechanism and demand assessment mechanism. Through the policy path of "trinity" of supply content, supply main body and supply mechanism, we can promote the establishment of a comprehensive and sustainable old-age service system and respond to the increasing demand of the elderly population.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6
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