地方政府突发公共事件应急管理研究
发布时间：2019-02-24 20:53
【摘要】：当下,我国正处于社会转型期、改革攻坚期和矛盾凸显期,各类突发公共事件层出不穷,给国家和人民带来巨大灾难和损失。而处于突发公共事件前沿的地方政府必须直接面对各种社会问题和突发状况,这就需要地方政府不断提高应急管理能力并建立完善的突发公共事件应急管理机制。党的十八届三中全会指出:"全面深化改革的总目标是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度,推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。"因此,建立完善的地方政府突发公共事件应急管理机制有利于全面建成小康社会,有利于全面贯彻党的十八大精神,落实全面深化改革总目标。本文以提高地方政府突发公共事件应急管理能力、建立完善的突发公共事件应急管理机制为出发点和落脚点,综合运用文献分析、案例分析以及定性分析等研究方法,对我国地方政府突发公共事件应急管理展开研究。文章首先阐述了突发公共事件应急管理的研究背景、研究意义和研究目的,并回顾和评述了突发公共事件应急管理的国内外研究成果。然后文章对突发公共事件、应急管理以及机制等关键词进行了概念界定和辨析,并阐述了与突发公共事件应急管理密切相关的四大理论基础,即复杂系统理论、危机生命周期理论、人本理论和治理理论。第三章重点分析当前我国政府尤其是地方政府的突发公共事件应急管理现状,第四章以安徽省S县的应急管理实践和S县"6 · 18"洪涝灾害事件为例,重新回顾了 S县政府应对突发公共事件的全过程,进一步总结和归纳出本次防汛抗洪的应急管理经验和教训。在对地方政府应急管理现状与实际案例具体分析的基础上,文章第五部分总结归纳出地方政府突发公共事件应急管理中存在的六个问题:公众危机意识和参与程度不高;应急预案操作性不强;专业的应急队伍和技术缺乏专业性;应急组织机构缺乏稳定性;事后应对机制不健全;应急管理法制不健全。最后,文章详细阐述加强地方政府突发公共事件应急管理的现实意义,并针对存在的问题提出对策。具体对策从六个方面展开:强化应急准备工作,加强应急宣传教育与培训,完善应急决策指挥机制,健全社会参与机制,加快恢复与重建工作和健全应急管理法律机制。
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the social transition period, the reform attack period and the contradiction prominent period, each kind of unexpected public event emerges one after another, brings the huge disaster and the loss to the country and the people. The local government in the forefront of public emergencies must directly face all kinds of social problems and emergencies, which requires local governments to constantly improve the ability of emergency management and establish a sound emergency management mechanism of public emergencies. The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee pointed out: "the overall goal of comprehensively deepening the reform is to perfect and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capability." Therefore, the establishment of perfect local government emergency management mechanism is conducive to building a well-off society in an all-round way, carrying out the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress and carrying out the overall goal of deepening the reform in an all-round way. This paper aims at improving the ability of local government emergency management of public emergencies, establishing a perfect emergency management mechanism of public emergencies, and making comprehensive use of literature analysis, case analysis and qualitative analysis and other research methods. This paper studies the emergency management of local government emergency. In this paper, the background, significance and purpose of the research on emergency management of public emergencies are first expounded, and the research results of emergency management of public emergencies at home and abroad are reviewed and reviewed. Then the paper defines and discriminates the key words such as public emergency, emergency management and mechanism, and expounds the four theoretical bases closely related to the emergency management of public emergencies, that is, the complex system theory. Crisis life cycle theory, humanistic theory and governance theory. The third chapter focuses on the analysis of the current situation of emergency management of public emergencies in our country, especially the local government. The fourth chapter takes the practice of emergency management in S County of Anhui Province and the case of "618" flood disaster in S County of Anhui Province as an example. The whole process of S county government dealing with public emergencies is reviewed, and the experiences and lessons of emergency management for flood control and flood control are summarized and summarized. On the basis of analyzing the current situation of local government emergency management and practical cases, the fifth part of the article summarizes six problems in the local government emergency management: the public crisis awareness and the degree of participation is not high; The operation of emergency plan is not strong; the professional emergency team and technology is lack of professionalism; the emergency organization lacks stability; the mechanism of response after the event is not perfect; the legal system of emergency management is not perfect. Finally, the paper elaborates the practical significance of strengthening the local government emergency management of public emergencies, and puts forward countermeasures against the existing problems. Specific countermeasures are carried out from six aspects: strengthening emergency preparedness, strengthening emergency education and training, perfecting emergency decision-making command mechanism, perfecting social participation mechanism, speeding up recovery and reconstruction work and perfecting the legal mechanism of emergency management.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D63
本文编号：2429921
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the social transition period, the reform attack period and the contradiction prominent period, each kind of unexpected public event emerges one after another, brings the huge disaster and the loss to the country and the people. The local government in the forefront of public emergencies must directly face all kinds of social problems and emergencies, which requires local governments to constantly improve the ability of emergency management and establish a sound emergency management mechanism of public emergencies. The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee pointed out: "the overall goal of comprehensively deepening the reform is to perfect and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capability." Therefore, the establishment of perfect local government emergency management mechanism is conducive to building a well-off society in an all-round way, carrying out the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress and carrying out the overall goal of deepening the reform in an all-round way. This paper aims at improving the ability of local government emergency management of public emergencies, establishing a perfect emergency management mechanism of public emergencies, and making comprehensive use of literature analysis, case analysis and qualitative analysis and other research methods. This paper studies the emergency management of local government emergency. In this paper, the background, significance and purpose of the research on emergency management of public emergencies are first expounded, and the research results of emergency management of public emergencies at home and abroad are reviewed and reviewed. Then the paper defines and discriminates the key words such as public emergency, emergency management and mechanism, and expounds the four theoretical bases closely related to the emergency management of public emergencies, that is, the complex system theory. Crisis life cycle theory, humanistic theory and governance theory. The third chapter focuses on the analysis of the current situation of emergency management of public emergencies in our country, especially the local government. The fourth chapter takes the practice of emergency management in S County of Anhui Province and the case of "618" flood disaster in S County of Anhui Province as an example. The whole process of S county government dealing with public emergencies is reviewed, and the experiences and lessons of emergency management for flood control and flood control are summarized and summarized. On the basis of analyzing the current situation of local government emergency management and practical cases, the fifth part of the article summarizes six problems in the local government emergency management: the public crisis awareness and the degree of participation is not high; The operation of emergency plan is not strong; the professional emergency team and technology is lack of professionalism; the emergency organization lacks stability; the mechanism of response after the event is not perfect; the legal system of emergency management is not perfect. Finally, the paper elaborates the practical significance of strengthening the local government emergency management of public emergencies, and puts forward countermeasures against the existing problems. Specific countermeasures are carried out from six aspects: strengthening emergency preparedness, strengthening emergency education and training, perfecting emergency decision-making command mechanism, perfecting social participation mechanism, speeding up recovery and reconstruction work and perfecting the legal mechanism of emergency management.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D63
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