民间习武共同体的文化生态保护论

发布时间：2018-02-24 13:23

本文关键词： 民间习武共同体文化生态系统文化结构传统武术保护生态文明观文化生态危机　出处：《北京体育大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：民间习武共同体是传统武术在传承与发展过程中自然形成的一个以师父为中心、以习武为内容的群体。然而,自冷兵器时代结束以降,尤其是进入21世纪以来,随着全球化时代的到来和文化生态环境的巨大变迁,维系民间习武共同体存续的文化生态环境已发生天翻地覆之变化,民间习武共同体的传承与发展面临着来自自身内部和外部的诸多挑战。采用田野调查、文献资料、访谈等研究方法,基于对民间习武共同体保护的视角,以“生态文明观”为指导思想,运用文化生态系统和文化结构理论,对民间习武共同体的外生态和内生态的结构进行剖析,对民间习武共同体的外生态和内生态当前所面临着的主要危机进行深入分析,并针对这些危机提出相应的解决对策。研究拟解决两个问题:一、为什么要选择保护民间习武共同体?二、怎样保护民间习武共同体?全文逻辑围绕二者问题展开,且得出以下认知:第一,传统武术作为一项非物质文化遗产,只有不断地有人继承才能保证其社会继替。民间习武共同体因师父(传承者)与徒弟(继承者)的同时“在场”而构成传统武术传承与发展的必要条件,因而提出将民间习武共同体作为传统武术保护主体的设想。第二,结合当前时代背景,顺应时代发展所趋,引入“生态文明观”作为民间习武共同体保护的指导思想,以避免传统武术保护陷入“为了保护而保护”的“人类中心观”保护误区。“生态文明观”的保护指导思想告诉我们应当加强对民间习武共同体自身内部与外部文化生存环境的研究。第三,研究将民间习武共同体外在的文化生存环境称为“外生态”,依据文化生态系统理论对民间习武共同体的外生态进行了结构层次划分;研究将民间习武共同体内在的文化生存环境称为“内生态”,依据文化结构理论对民间习武共同体的内生态进行了结构层次划分。第四,当前民间习武共同体的外生态与内生态的各结构层次之间正面临着诸多不利于其可持续发展的因素,这些因素成为影响民间习武共同体可持续发展的“绊脚石”。第五,解决民间习武共同体文化生态危机的主要方略有二:一、是依靠民间习武共同体的力量,调节其内生态,以适应外生态的发展变化。二、是依靠国家及社会各方面力量的协调配合以改善民间习武共同体的外生态,为民间习武共同体的可持续发展营造一个良好的外部环境。
[Abstract]:The folk martial arts community is a group naturally formed in the process of inheritance and development of traditional martial arts. However, since the end of the cold weapons era, especially since 21th century, With the arrival of the globalization era and the great changes of the cultural ecological environment, the cultural ecological environment, which maintains the existence of the folk martial arts community, has undergone earth-shaking changes. The inheritance and development of the folk martial arts community is facing many challenges from its own internal and external aspects. Field investigation, literature, interviews and other research methods are adopted, based on the perspective of the protection of the folk martial arts community. Taking "ecological civilization view" as the guiding ideology, using the theory of cultural ecosystem and cultural structure, this paper analyzes the structure of external ecology and internal ecology of folk martial arts community. This paper makes an in-depth analysis of the main crises facing the external ecology and the internal ecology of the folk martial arts community, and puts forward corresponding solutions to these crises. Why choose to protect the folk martial arts community? Second, how to protect the folk martial arts community? The logic of the thesis revolves around the two problems, and the following cognition is obtained: first, the traditional martial arts as an intangible cultural heritage, Only continuous succession can guarantee the social succession. The folk martial arts community is necessary for the inheritance and development of traditional martial arts because of the presence of master (inheritor) and apprentice (successor) at the same time. Therefore, it is proposed that the folk martial arts community should be regarded as the main body of protection of traditional martial arts. Secondly, combining with the background of the current times and following the trend of development of the times, the concept of ecological civilization is introduced as the guiding ideology of the protection of the community of folk martial arts. In order to avoid the traditional Wushu protection from falling into the "human-centered view" of "protecting for the sake of protection", the guiding ideology of "ecological civilization" tells us that we should strengthen the internal and external texts of the folk martial arts community. The study of living environment. Third, The external cultural living environment of folk martial arts community is called "external ecology", and the external ecology of folk martial arts community is divided into different levels according to the theory of cultural ecosystem. This paper describes the inherent cultural living environment of the folk martial arts community as "inner ecology". According to the theory of cultural structure, it divides the internal ecology of the folk martial arts community into different levels. 4th, At present, the external ecology and the internal ecology of the folk martial arts community are facing many factors that are not conducive to their sustainable development. These factors have become a "stumbling block" that affects the sustainable development of the folk martial arts community. 5th, There are two main strategies for solving the cultural and ecological crisis of the Folk Wushu Community: one is to rely on the strength of the Folk Wushu Community to adjust its internal ecology in order to adapt to the development and changes of the external ecology. It relies on the coordination of various forces of the state and society to improve the external ecology of the folk martial arts community and to create a good external environment for the sustainable development of the folk martial arts community.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G852

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