正冈子规“写生说”研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 16:00

本文关键词： 正冈子规写生说俳句写实诚谐趣　出处：《湖北民族学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“写生”本指直接对实物或风景进行描绘的一种作画方式,亦指以此种方法所绘制的画作。正冈子规将西方绘画术语引入俳句的创作论,提出了“写生说”。正冈子规在“写生说”中提出了通过文学语言来进行实景写生的诗歌创作主张,强调俳句创作要客观地摹写现实,言之有物,追求质朴刚健、清新细腻的诗歌语言风格。本文以时间为经,空间为纬,厘清了正冈子规“写生说”的理论源流、理论内涵、历史影响和现实价值,总结了其理论的现实借鉴意义。全文除绪论和结语外正文由三部分组成。绪论部分界定了研究对象,回顾了研究的现状,明确了研究的价值与意义。第一章阐述“写生说”的理论主张。“写生说”主张客观地再现诗歌描写的艺术对象,通过以象写意,创造一种非空非实的艺术审美境界。正因为创作者与艺术对象保持一定的审美距离,所以艺术品具有由于审美的间离效果而生出的余裕情调。“写生说”主张文学创作应该走大众化和通俗化的道路,每个人都可以用朴素直白生活化的语言书写成表达个人对于身边的生活和情感体验的新型散文——写生文,实现现代人言文一致的理想。第二章追溯“写生说”的理论渊源。“写生说”的美学基础是西方文学思想的源头“模仿说”,其创作方法受到西洋画技“写生”的启发,实质上是现实主义文学思潮对于浪漫主义文学思潮的反动与突围;“写生说”对日本传统文论范畴“诚”和“谐趣”都有继承和发展,体现了“脱俗求雅”的审美追求;“写生说”还是对中国文学中的“山水田园诗”吟咏性情的传承,却对汉诗重视道德训诫的入世情怀敬而远之。“写生说”同时也改写了中国诗学推崇“神似”的审美取向,并把诗歌的审美标准由求“神似”变为了求“形真”。第三章论述“写生说”的历史影响及现实意义。“写生说”对于革新日本俳谐创作观念,延续民族传统文脉,建构现代日本文学和语言范式居功至伟。“写生说”还塑造了日本民族物哀幽玄的审美意识,闲适优雅的余裕情调。这在某种意义上可以说它形塑了当代日本人的精神气质和文化品位,成为了代表日本国民精神促进世界文化交流的一张精美的名片。“写生说”还有利于帮助国人更好地理解深受近现代日本文学影响的中国现当代文学,学习其善于借鉴和创造性转化的优长。“写生说”体现的西学的化用和传统的传承并行不悖的诗性智慧,追求通古今之变、求大俗但不离大雅的文化创新原则对中国文学和文论建设颇具镜鉴意义。结语部分总结了正冈子规的“写生说”在日本文论史上的重要地位和历史影响。“写生说”顺应了近代日本文学创作主体转向的趋势,完成了由空到实的文学创作对象的转变,并顺利实现了创作手法的平民化变革,塑造了日本现当代文学的面貌和文化性格,催生了现代日语。“写生说”间接地影响了中国现当代文学的面貌,其理论体现的善于学习借鉴和创造性转化的优长,对于民族文化传统的坚守和热爱值得中国借鉴。当然“写生说”也有盲目崇拜域外文艺理论,对于绘画理论的强制征用,一定程度上存在着缺乏辩证精神和关注社会生活批判意识的理论微瑕,需要后人警惕和反思。
[Abstract]:The "sketch" refers to a direct way of painting depicting of objects and scenery, also refers to this kind of method draw paintings. Masaoka Shiki Western painting term into haiku creation theory, put forward the "sketch". Masaoka Shiki "sketch" in put forward to the real painting the language of poetry creation, emphasizing Haiku writing to objectively reflect, the pursuit of naivete, having substance in speech, and exquisite poetic language style. This paper takes time as the spatial latitude, clarify the Masaoka Shiki "painting" theory origin, theoretical connotation, historical influence and realistic value, summed up the theory and practical significance. The thesis besides introduction and conclusion the text consists of three parts. The introduction part defines the research object, reviews the research status quo, makes clear the value and significance of the study. The first chapter introduces the "sketch The theory argues. "" the sketch said "advocated to reappear poems depicting art objects, like by freehand brushwork, create a non empty non real aesthetic realm. Because of keeping certain aesthetic distance creators and art objects, so the work of art is born because of aesthetic sentiment." results from the margin the sketch said "advocated literary creation should go and popularization of the road, everyone can express personal life for the new prose and emotional experience, written in plain language descriptions of life, modern people Genbunitchi ideal. The second chapter traces the theoretical origin of painting" "aesthetic foundation sketch" is the source of the western literature thought of imitation ", inspired the creation of Western painting method by" painting ", is the essence of realism literature The reactionary and breakthrough for Romanticism; "sketch" of Japanese traditional literary theory category of "honesty" and "humorous" are the inheritance and development, embodies the aesthetic pursuit of refined elegance ";" painting "or China of literature in the" pastoral poetry chant "inheritance. But pay attention to moral admonition into the feelings of Chinese traditional poetry. At a distance" sketch "also changed China poetics respected" aesthetic orientation spirit ", and the aesthetic standards of poetry by the" spirit "to" real ". The third chapter discusses the historical influence of painting" and its practical significance. "" for the reform of Japanese haiku painting creation idea, the continuation of national traditional culture, the construction of modern Japanese literature and language paradigm tribute. "Sketch" also created the Japanese nation "Youxuan aesthetic consciousness, elegant leisure more than Yu tone. This can be said to Japanese it shaped the contemporary ethos and culture in a certain sense, as a representative of the Japanese national spirit and promoting a beautiful name card cultural exchanges in the world. "The sketch" helps people better understand deeply the influence of modern Japanese literature China contemporary literature it is good at learning, learning and creative strengths. "Said the sketch" embodied by Western and traditional inheritance run parallel poetic wisdom, pursuit through the change of ancient and modern, and popular but not from the principle of cultural innovation, on Chinese literature and literary theory construction of a mirror. The epilogue the Masaoka Shiki "sketch" in an important position and influence in history in the history of Japanese literary theory. "Sketch" conforms to the modern Japanese literary creation subject to the trend, completed by air to the real literary creation As the object of change, and the smooth realization of the civilian revolution creation technique, shaping the contemporary Japanese literary outlook and cultural character, gave birth to the modern Japanese. "Sketch" indirectly influenced Chinese contemporary literature appearance, the theory of learning experience and the creative transformation of the advantages for the nation cultural tradition and love is worth reference. Of course, "said China sketch" also has a blind worship for the compulsory acquisition of extraterritorial literary theory, painting theory, to a certain extent, there is a lack of attention to the dialectical spirit and social life critique consciousness theory blemish, need to be vigilant and reflect on the future generations.

【学位授予单位】：湖北民族学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I313.06

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