从语境看日语第二人称代词的隐匿性表达

发布时间：2018-01-01 22:31

本文关键词：从语境看日语第二人称代词的隐匿性表达　出处：《山东师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：第二人称代词的隐匿性表达是日语的一个普遍现象，在日常的人际交往中发挥着重要作用。它被称为人际交往的润滑剂、粘着剂，能够让交际双方顺利进行交流。隐匿性表达不能独立存在，它与语境紧密相关。语境一般指语言环境、情景语境和文化语境三方面。为了更好地理解语境与第二人称代词的隐匿性表达，就必须了解语言背后隐藏的日本的历史文化传统、社会文化背景、社会心理与思维方式及语言价值观。本论文由五部分组成。第一部分提到了三个方面：首先是问题的提起，主要论述了本篇论文写作的目的和意义；其次是介绍了到目前为止关于日语第二人称代词及隐匿性表达的中日两国研究的文献综述；最后论述了本篇论文的立场和创新点。第二部分首先介绍了与第二人称代词紧密相关的权势理论和同等理论，其次阐述了第二人称代词的历史变迁、种类并且详细论述了「あなた」、「君」的用法。第三部分是本论文的核心部分，主要结合语言环境、情景语境、文化语境三个方面分析了在日本小说和电视剧中出现的关于第二人称代词隐匿性表达的典型用例。语言环境中的隐匿性表达主要包括语篇中前后词语的无照应现象、口语中的前后句及书面语中的上下文三部分。而照应是连接语篇前后文的重要形式。其中，通过前后词语的无照应指代、前后句、上下文来代替第二人称代词的现象十分常见。情景语境下的隐匿性表达主要包括授受关系、使役关系、被动关系与方位语四部分。第二人称代词的隐匿性表达与日语的授受关系有着紧密的联系。「あげる」、「もらう」、「くれる」等补助动词，，不仅包含了给与者与接受者的关系，也包含了上下关系。此外，省略由于减少了词语的使用量，也给第二人称代词的隐匿性表达带来了一定影响。表达使役的「せる」、「させる」、表达被动的「れる」、「られる」本身就体现了一定的隐匿性。在文化语境中，直接称呼对方的职业、职位或者身份的情况也很常见。以上的隐匿性表达正好印证了日本人在日常交际中喜欢间接性、含蓄型的表达。第四部分阐述了隐匿性表达产生的文化根源。日本人的思想言行和生活方式深受历史文化传统、社会文化背景、社会心理与思维方式及语言价值观念的影响。日本社会崇尚以“和”为中心，在日常的交际中注重人际关系的协调与利害关系的调和。由于语言和民族之间总是存在着很密切的关系，加之社会成员间有着共同的经验和知识，因此人们在交际中追求自己所要表达的意思能被对方感知。这些，都成为日本人喜爱隐匿性表达的原因。第五部分是本论文的结论部分，并对今后的研究课题进行了阐述。在日语中，隐匿性表达方式多种多样，本文主要结合语言环境、情景语境和文化语境三方面，对隐匿性表达进行了详细研究。日本人之所以喜欢隐匿性表达，与其受历史文化传统、社会文化背景、社会心理和思维心理、价值观念的影响密不可分。日语第二人称代词的隐匿性表达不仅和语境有关，语气对它的影响也很大。所以，今后会把语气和第二人称代词的关系作为研究课题继续进行下去。
[Abstract]:Occult expression of second person pronouns is a common phenomenon in Japanese, plays an important role in daily communication. It is called interpersonal lubricant, adhesive, can make the communication smoothly communicate. Occult expression cannot exist independently, it is closely related with the context. Context generally refers to language environment three, situational context and cultural context. In order to better understand the occult expression context and the second person pronouns, we must understand the language behind Japan's historical and cultural traditions, social and cultural background, social psychology and way of thinking and language values.
This paper is composed of five parts.
The first part refers to the three aspects: the first is the problem mentioned, mainly discusses the purpose and significance of this thesis; second is introduced so far in Japan on the Japanese second person pronouns and occult literature review; this thesis finally discusses the position and innovation.
The second part introduces the theory and the theory of equal power is closely related with the second person pronouns, secondly describes the historical changes of the second personal pronouns, types and discussed "- for thou", "Eagle" usage.
The third part is the core part of this paper, mainly with the language environment, situational context, cultural context analysis in three aspects on the second person pronouns occult cases of typical Japanese novels and TV shows. No reference language environment in the occult expression includes discourse and words, and sentences and written language spoken in the context of the three part. And the reference is an important form of connected discourse context. Among them, before and after the words without anaphoric generation, and sentence context, instead of the second person pronoun is very common. The occult expression of situational context mainly includes receiving relation, causation passive relationship with language, range of four parts. The second person pronouns in Japanese occult expression and receiving relation are closely linked. "Thou in", "complete" on the "moo RA," fill in terms The auxiliary verb, not only includes the relationship between the giver and receiver, also includes the relationship between the upper and lower. In addition, omission due to reduced usage of words, occult expression to the second person pronouns to bring a certain impact. The expression "estate in causative", "national estate in" passive "terms, expression in", "RA in terms" itself reflects the occult. In certain cultural context, directly address each other's occupation, position or status is also very common. Occult expression above confirms Japanese indirect love in daily communication, expression containing storage type.
The fourth part expounds the cultural origin of occult expression. Japanese's thoughts and actions and way of life by the historical and cultural traditions, social and cultural background, influence of social psychology and way of thinking and language values. Japanese society advocate to "and" as the center, pay more attention to the harmonious relationship and coordination of stakeholders in the daily communication between language and nation. Because there is always a very close relationship between the members of society, and have a common experience and knowledge, so that people in the pursuit of their own communication to express the meaning of being perceived. These have become the favorite cause of occult Japanese expression.
The fifth part is the conclusion of the thesis, and the future research topics are discussed. In Japanese, occult expression in a variety of ways, this paper combined with the language environment, situational context and cultural context from three aspects, the expression of the detailed study on the occult. The Japanese people love occult expression, and its history cultural tradition, social and cultural background, social psychology and psychological thinking, are inseparable values. Occult expression of Japanese second person pronouns and the context not only related to its effect of tone is high. So, in the future will be the relationship between the tone and the second person pronouns as research continues.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H36

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