中国日语学习者格助词“に”的使用和误用状况分析

发布时间：2018-01-02 14:01

本文关键词：中国日语学习者格助词“に”的使用和误用状况分析　出处：《上海交通大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：汉语与日语分属于不同的语系,汉语中不存在诸如“は”“に”之类的助词,但日语之所以成为胶着语的很大一部分原因则恰恰是由于这些助词的存在,因而对于中国日语学习者而言,助词就成为了非常难掌握的一项语法。本研究利用中国日语学习者语料库,针对常用助词“に”的使用情况和误用情况,从学期、用法等角度进行了分析。本文主体部分由四章组成。第一章,首先对可用于日语研究的语料库进行了归纳总结,并就本研究中所使用的学习者语料库进行了阐述。第二章,在总结归纳现有研究成果的基础上,结合语料库例句,对格助词“に”的用法进行了再分类。第三章,围绕格助词“に”的使用状况进行调查分析,弄清了“终状态”“动作对象”“存在场所”等三个用法无论在哪个学期都比其他用法使用频率高；学习者在表达“终状态”时,喜欢使用“～にする、～になる”这一表现；表“动作对象”时接在格助词“に”后边的动词共计120余词,大致可分为①授受动词②表语言活动的动词③表相关性的动词④表作用性的动词等四种类型。第四章,通过对格助词“に”的误用状况进行考察分析,得知“混用”造成的误用约占误用总数的一半以上,而“过多”使用带来的误用最少。此外,从用法上来看,“终状态”“动作对象”“目的”“动作的归着点·方向”等四种用法虽然使用频率很高,但是误用却相对来说比较少；从错误类型上来看,“存在场所”和“所有者”最易发生少用现象,而“时间点·时期”的“に”则经常被过多使用；格助词“に”与“で”、“に”与“を”的混用现象最为突出。
[Abstract]:Chinese and Japanese belong to different language families. There are no auxiliary words such as "Li" and "Li" in Chinese, but the reason why Japanese becomes a glued language is precisely because of the existence of these auxiliary words. Therefore, for Chinese Japanese learners, auxiliary words have become a very difficult grammar to master. This study uses the Chinese Japanese learners' corpus to deal with the usage and misuse of the commonly used auxiliary word "Hu". From the term, usage and other aspects of the analysis. The main part of this paper consists of four chapters. The first chapter summarizes the corpus which can be used in Japanese research, and expounds the learner corpus used in this study. Chapter two, on the basis of summing up the existing research results. This paper reclassifies the use of the case auxiliary word "Hu" in conjunction with the sample sentences in the corpus. The third chapter, according to the investigation and analysis of the usage of the auxiliary word "Li", makes clear that the three usages of "final state", "action object" and "place of existence" are more frequently used than other usages in any semester. When expressing "final state", the learner likes to use the expression of "the end state"; There are more than 120 verbs followed by the auxiliary word "Hu" in the table. It can be roughly divided into four types: one is given verb 2, the other is verb 3 related to language activity, verb 4 is functional. In Chapter 4th, through the investigation and analysis of the misuse of the auxiliary word "Li", it is found that the misuse caused by "mixed use" accounts for more than half of the total number of misuses, while the misuse caused by "excessive" use is the least. In terms of usage, the four usages of "final state", "action object", "purpose" and "return point and direction" are relatively few, although they are frequently used; In terms of error types, "place of existence" and "owner" are the most likely to occur the phenomenon of less use, while "time 路period" of "Wu" is often used too much; The mixed use of the auxiliary words "Li" and "Li", "Li" and "Li" is the most prominent.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：H36

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