日语使役被动表达的语义用法及其日汉机器翻译规则研究

发布时间：2018-11-20 19:42

【摘要】：使役被动句的形式“させられる”是使役的表达形式“させる”和被动的表达形式“られる”接续组成的。使役被动句有“使役被动句”、“使役被动态”等叫法,在本论文中把它统称为“使役被动表达”。另外,仅关于使役被动表达“させられる”表示的“被迫”和“诱发”的2种语义研究颇多,但其他的语义,比如前田(1989)提到的“中立场合”及“使役可能”的语义,或表示“被动”、“可能”、“尊敬”等语义的相关研究较少,而从日中机器翻译的角度进行的研究更少。因此,对其语义进行系统研究就显得很有必要。由此而成为了本论文的切入点。本论文旨在通过对使役被动表达的形式及其语义进行详细系统的分析考察,利用语料库抽取实例进行语义分类并提出相应的机器翻译规则,确认翻译规则的有效性。本论文主要从对比语言学、语义学的角度,利用实证研究法、共时历时的方法,以及定量和定性的方法来分析使役被动表达的语义分类及汉译方法。具体地说就是先分析从《青空文库》《朝日新闻》《现代日语书面语均衡语料库少纳言》语料库中抽出的使役被动表达980句的语义特征,在此基础上考察其翻译方案,制作了面向日中机器翻译的规则,然后从《现代日语书面语均衡语料库少纳言》语料库中抽出的实例检验、评价翻译规则,并对存在的问题进行分析。基于以上的分析对1096个句子进行了评价,笔者提出的翻译规则的总体准确率达到80.8%。此外,对其中的510句进行人工测试和在免费翻译软件中进行翻译,前者的准确率是80%,后者的准确率却只有24.3%。可见,本论文提出的规则具有有效性。本研究中关于使役被动表达的语义分析及其汉译方法的考察,待为日语学习者、教育者、日中机器翻译研究者等提供有效的参考。
[Abstract]:The form of causative passive sentence is composed of the expression form of causation and the form of passive expression. Causative passive sentence is called "causative passive sentence" and "causative passive sentence", which is called "causative passive expression" in this paper. In addition, there are many studies on the two semantic meanings of "forced" and "induced" in the passive expression of causative force, but other semantics, such as "neutral situation" and "causative possibility" mentioned by Maeda (1989), There is less research on the semantics of "passive", "possible" and "respect", and less from the perspective of Japanese and Chinese machine translation. Therefore, it is necessary to study its semantics systematically. This has become the breakthrough point of this paper. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the forms and semantics of passive expressions in detail, and to extract examples from corpus for semantic classification and propose corresponding machine translation rules to confirm the validity of translation rules. From the perspective of contrastive linguistics and semantics, this thesis uses empirical research, synchronic diachronic methods, and quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze semantic classification and translation methods of passive expressions. Specifically, it first analyzes the semantic features of the passive expression of 980 sentences extracted from the Corpus of "Asahi Shimbun", the balanced Corpus of Modern Japanese written language, and examines its translation scheme. The rules of machine translation for Japan and China are made, and then the examples extracted from the corpus of Modern Japanese written language balanced Corpus are tested, the translation rules are evaluated, and the existing problems are analyzed. Based on the above analysis, 1096 sentences are evaluated, and the overall accuracy of the translation rules proposed by the author is 80.8. In addition, 510 sentences were manually tested and translated in free translation software. The former's accuracy rate was 80 and the latter's accuracy was only 24.3b. It can be seen that the rules proposed in this paper are effective. In this study, the semantic analysis of causative passive expression and its Chinese-Chinese translation methods are investigated, which provides an effective reference for Japanese learners, educators, and Japanese-Chinese machine translation researchers.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H36

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