英朝差比结构对比研究

发布时间：2018-02-19 23:17

本文关键词： 差比结构英朝对比比较点形容词　出处：《延边大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：比较是一种人类认识世界的基本方法,也是人类认知过程中形成的思维模式。英朝语言中都存在表达“比较”概念的结构,差比结构是其中之一。“差比”是指两个或两个以上的事物在性质、数量、属性特征上存在的不同,其构成要素主要包括比较主体(NP1)、比较客体(NP2)、比较词(CM)、比较点(NP3)、比较值(AP/NP)。根据洪堡特提出的语言类型,英朝分别属于屈折语和黏着语,因此英朝差比结构在句法结构上存在许多异同。本文通过句法、语义层面上的对比,分析出英朝差比结构在句法结构上的共性与个性特征,进而解释其原因。本文首先从结构层面对英朝差比结构进行下位分类。在此基础上,分析了英朝差比结构内部构成要素间的句法位置关系,包括NP1与CM、NP2与CM、AP/NP与CM、AP/NP与NP1/NP2的位置关系。其次,对英朝差比结构的构成要素进行了句法制约关系对比,分析出NP1/NP2与NP3之间的制约关系存在差异,即英语差比结构中NP3为隐性、朝鲜语呈显性、隐性两种特征。最后,对比了英朝差比结构比较词的句法属性,进而证明了比较词属性的不同是导致英朝差比结构构成要素在句法位置关系上存在差异的原因。从语义层面上,本文分析了英朝差比结构中比较值成分的语义特征,并对英朝差比结构中比较项与比较点、比较值与比较点之间的语义关系进行了对比。其结果为：当比较值为副词和名词时,英朝差比结构比较点的实现方式均为隐性；当比较值为形容词时,英语比较点实现方式为隐性、朝鲜语则呈现显性、隐性两种特征。为了进一步对上述结论进行深入解释,本文分析了英朝差比结构中形容词的语义特征,探析了英朝形容词的本质属性。得出结论：1)宏观上,形容词的语义所指不明确,需要依附于实体词来实现其功能；2)微观上,英朝状态类形容词的语义特征相同；而英朝性质类形容词的语义特征存在差异。
[Abstract]:Comparison is a basic way for human beings to understand the world, and it is also a mode of thinking formed in the process of human cognition. There is a structure to express the concept of "comparison" in both English and Korean languages. Difference ratio structure is one of them. "difference ratio" refers to the difference in nature, quantity, and attribute characteristics of two or more things. Its constituent elements mainly include the comparative subject, the comparative object, the comparative object, the comparative word, the comparative word, the comparative word, the comparative point, the comparative value, and the comparative value. According to the language types proposed by Hongbaut, Britain and Korea belong to flexion and adhesion, respectively. Therefore, there are many similarities and differences in the syntactic structure of the ratio structure. Through the comparison of syntax and semantic level, this paper analyzes the commonness and individuality of the structure, and then explains the reasons. On the basis of this, this paper analyzes the syntactic position relationship among the components of the ratio structure, including the position relationship between NP1 and CMN P / NP and CMN APP / NP and NP1/NP2. This paper contrasts the syntactic restriction relation between NP1/NP2 and NP3, and analyzes the difference between NP3 and NP3, that is, NP3 is recessive, Korean is dominant and recessive. This paper compares the syntactic attributes of the comparative words of the ratio of English to difference and proves that the difference of the attributes of the comparative words is the reason of the differences in the syntactic position relationship between the elements of the structure of the ratio of English to the difference of the difference of English and the difference of structure. From the semantic level, this paper analyzes the semantic characteristics of the comparative value components in the British difference ratio structure, and compares the comparative terms and the comparison points in the British difference ratio structure. The results show that when the comparative value is an adverb or a noun, the way to implement the comparative point of comparison is recessive, and when the comparative value is an adjective, the comparative value of the comparative value is adjective, and when the comparative value is an adverb or a noun, the way to implement the comparative point is recessive. The way of English comparison is recessive, Korean has two characteristics: dominant and recessive. In order to further explain the above conclusions, this paper analyzes the semantic characteristics of adjectives in the British-Korean difference ratio structure, probes into the essential attributes of the adjectives in the British and Korean dynasties, and draws a conclusion that the semantic meanings of adjectives are not clear from the macro point of view. On the microscopic level, the semantic characteristics of the English and Korean state adjectives are the same, while the semantic characteristics of the English and Korean nature adjectives are different.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H04

【参考文献】