零话权及其在访谈体中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 20:09

本文选题：零话权　切入点：话语角色　出处：《华东师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“话语角色”是语用分析、尤其是话语分析的一个重要术语,可以从交际参与者和话语信息之间的关系来开展研究。在言语交际中,交际参与者通过对话语信息负责而实现“话语权”,当说话人表明自己不是话语信息的最初来源、对话语信息不负责任时所承担的就是“零话权”。零话权是一种特殊的话权现象,在语用学中有重要的价值,但是在以往的研究中没有得到特别的重视和充分的讨论。本文以电视访谈语料为分析对象,对零话权的定义、标记性、分类标准等问题进行了原创性阐述；探讨了不同类型的零话权的实现方式、使用特点和适用语域；明确了零话权是一种有标记的话权关系,说话者使用零话权人身份发话是一种有特殊功能的话语策略,同时论证了访谈是一种能够突显零话权使用特色的优势语域。本文分为五章,各章节具体内容如下：第一章,绪论,通过综述明确研究对象,介绍了文章的研究价值,阐述了全文的论证思路,并界定了研究的语料。根据以往对话语角色的研究,首先明确话语责任是区分话语角色的重要标准。说话者由于在交际中承担了不同的话语责任而实现了不同的话权,其中零话权是说话者完全不承担话语责任的情况,是一种特殊的话权现象。第二章,通过比对,论证零话权的标记性。通过对标记理论的回顾,提出话语角色在交际中所实现的话权关系也具有标记性差异。通过对完全话权、部分话权和零话权三种话权的相关要素进行分析和比对,提出了零话权是最具标记性的话权关系。同时从语用和认知两方面对其标记性的成因进行了剖析,最后完善了零话权的定义,为全文的研究奠定了基础。第三章,讨论零话权的分类问题,分析了三种类型的零话权各自的语言表征及使用特点。第一节确立了零话权的分类依据,认为零话权与完全话权、部分话权的根本性区别在于说话人所提供的话语信息有其他来源,所以信息来源应该成为分类的重要依据。然后根据信息源的可信度及其和交际者的距离,将零话权分为两大类、共三种情况：一是信息源在场,信息来自“交际中的一方”；二是信息源不在场,又分为信息来自“确定的第三方”和“不追究的第三方”两种情况。分别描写了每种类型的语言表征,分析了交际者对其进行使用时的交际心理,并进行了语料验证。第四章,探讨语域对零话权的影响。本章从语域理论入手,将影响说话人实现零话权的因素确定为三种：交际话题、交际者之间的关系和交际目的。接着在访谈、课堂和法庭三类语域中将说话人对零话权的使用情况进行了比对,分析了每种因素对说话人选择零话权的影响。综合各类因素,讨论了访谈中的零话权的使用特点,论证了访谈是零话权发挥功能的优势语域。第五章,结语,总结了本文的主要观点及研究的不足。本文聚焦于话语角色在交际中实现的话语权,通过比对分析法和具体的语料证实了零话权概念的存在,丰富了对话语角色的研究。本研究的原创性在于：第一,指明了零话权的标记性；第二,信息源的差异形成了零话权的三类功能各异的使用模式；第三,零话权的三类模式证明,零话权是重要的话语策略,而访谈是最能凸现零话权使用特色的优势语域。
[Abstract]:"Role" is a pragmatic analysis, especially an important term of discourse analysis, can carry out research from the relationship between communication participants and discourse information. In verbal communication, participants by taking charge of discourse information and the realization of the "Discourse", as the original source of the speaker that he is not borne by the discourse information. On the discourse information irresponsible is "Zrd." Zrd is a special phenomenon in the right words, pragmatics has important value in science, but did not receive particular attention and fully discussed in the previous research. Based on the television interview corpus as the analysis object, definition of Zrd marks, the original paper classification standards and other issues; discussed the implementation of zero if different types of rights, characteristics and applicable domain; clear Zrd is a marked words right The relationship between speaker and speaker is a special function of discourse strategy. At the same time, it is demonstrated that interview is a dominant register which can highlight the characteristics of zero voice.
This article is divided into five chapters, and the specific contents of each chapter are as follows:
The first chapter, the introduction, through the summary of the research object, introduced the value of the research, expounded the full text of the argument, and defined the corpus of the research.
According to the previous studies on discourse roles, first clear discourse responsibility is an important standard to distinguish discourse role. The speaker of different words right and because in communication take the different discourse responsibility, which is completely Zrd discourse does not assume responsibility for the situation, is a kind of special words right.
The second chapter, through comparison, demonstrates the Markedness of the right to zero words.
Through the review of markedness theory, put forward the realization of discourse roles in communication. The right relationship has marked difference. Based on the complete words right, right and then part of relevant elements of Zrd three words right for analysis and comparison, proposed Zrd is the most marked words right at the same time. From the two aspects of causes of pragmatic and cognitive Markedness on it are analyzed, finally improve the definition of Zrd, laid the foundation for the whole study.
In the third chapter, we discuss the classification of the right to zero, and analyze the linguistic representation and use characteristics of the three types of zero word rights.
The first section is established according to the classification of Zrd, think of Zrd and complete words right, the fundamental difference lies in the right part of word speaker provided there are other sources of discourse information, so the information sources should become an important basis for classification. Then according to the credibility of the source and the communicator and the distance will be zero if the right is divided into two categories, a total of three conditions: one is the information source of information from the presence of "one party"; the two is the source of information is not present, is divided into information from "certain third party" and "not to pursue the third party" two situations respectively describes the language representation. Each type of communication, for use on the psychological communication, and the data validation.
The fourth chapter discusses the influence of register on the right to zero.
This chapter from the register theory, the factors affecting the realization of speaker Zrd is determined as three kinds: Communication topic, the relationship between communication and communication purposes. Then in the interview, the use of class and class three will register the speaker on the court of Zrd has been compared and analyzed the influence of each factor on the speaker chooses Zrd. According to various factors, discussed the characteristics of zero words in interviews right, demonstrates that the interview is Zrd function advantage of register.
The fifth chapter, conclusion, summarizes the main points of this article and the lack of research.
In this paper, focusing on the role of discourse in communication discourse, through the comparison analysis method and specific data confirmed the concept of Zrd existence, enrich the study of discourse roles. The originality of this study lies in: first, mark indicates Zrd; second, different sources of information form three kinds of different functions of Zrd the usage patterns; proof of three kinds of mode third, zeroth words right, Zrd is important discourse strategy, while the interview is the most prominent feature of the right to the use of the advantages of zero word register.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H030

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