汉语日常会话中拒绝语的会话分析研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 20:26

本文选题：汉语日常会话　切入点：拒绝语　出处：《山西大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：拒绝语是一个相当常见且敏感的语言现象。在许多情况下,我们拒绝别人或者被别人拒绝。它包括拒绝别人的要求,邀请,提供,以及建议。换句话说,拒绝是对这四个言语行为否定。无论是在国内还是国外,人们都不愿意面对拒绝别人或被据拒绝的尴尬的情况。它对创建和维护人们之间的友好的人际关系是不利的。国内外有很多不同领域的学者都对拒绝语进行过研究。但是在我国,很少有学者从会话分析的角度对汉语日常会话中的拒绝语进行研究。从方法论上来说,会话分析方法属于定性研究,建立在收集与分析语料的基础上。所有的数据必须是真实自然的。本研究的语料全部来自汉语中的日常会话。通过对语料的分析,我们要解决以下相关问题：汉语日常会话中拒绝语的话轮转换模式；拒绝语的序列结构有什么样的规律和模式。通过语料的分析,我们得出：拒绝语可以通过单个话轮和多个话轮来实现。对于中国人而言,在日常会话中,人们往往采用多话轮的拒绝。因为中国传统文化认为,多次邀请或建议可以表现出会话者的诚意。因而,在多次邀请与建议之后,就可能就会出现多次拒绝。此外,会话者实施拒绝时,通常会选用一些简短的句子,甚至是更简单的词汇和词组。我们也通过对会话分析的研究范畴进行研究,即拒绝语的话轮分配机制,拒绝的序列结构特点以及最小相邻对,优先结构与非优先结构等,总结出拒绝语的规律和模式。我们希望这些研究成果能够帮助人们能够更好的维持人际关系,和谐相处。
[Abstract]:Refusal is a fairly common and sensitive language phenomenon. In many cases, we reject or be rejected. It includes refusing requests, invitations, offers, and advice. In other words, Rejection is a denial of these four speech acts. Whether at home or abroad, people are unwilling to face the embarrassing situation of refusing others or being rejected. It is detrimental to the establishment and maintenance of friendly interpersonal relationships among people. There are many scholars in different fields at home and abroad who have studied rejection language. However, in our country, few scholars study rejection language in Chinese daily conversation from the perspective of conversational analysis. Conversational analysis is a qualitative study, based on the collection and analysis of the corpus. All the data must be real and natural. All the data in this study come from the daily conversation in Chinese. We need to solve the following problems: the mode of turn-switching in Chinese daily conversation and the rules and patterns of the sequence structure of refusal. Through the analysis of the corpus, we draw the conclusion that refusal can be realized by single or multiple round. For Chinese people, people tend to use mutual-turn rejection in their daily conversation, because the traditional Chinese culture thinks that, Multiple invitations or suggestions can show the sincerity of the interlocutor. Therefore, after a number of invitations and suggestions, there may be multiple refusals. Even simpler words and phrases. We also study the scope of conversational analysis, that is, the mechanism of turn assignment of refusal, the characteristics of sequence structure of rejection, the minimum adjacent pairs, priority structure and non-priority structure, etc. We hope these findings will help people to maintain their interpersonal relationships and get along with each other in harmony.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136

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