留学生汉语输入与输出学习策略比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 10:15

本文选题：学习策略　切入点：输入　出处：《南京师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从20世纪90年代开始,学习策略的研究成为语言习得研究的一个重要方面,虽然国内外的学者对学习策略进行了多方面的研究,但还很少有人把语言技能划分为输入和输出两大类型,并对输入与输出学习策略进行横向与纵向对比研究。本研究是在前人学习策略分类的基础上,结合对留学生的访谈,设计出针对留学生听说读写四个方面学习策略使用情况的调查问卷,然后借助SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析,比较留学生在汉语输入与输出学习策略使用上存在的异同,并且探讨性别、文化背景和汉语水平等对留学生学习策略使用的影响。通过数据分析发现,留学生在学习观念上的得分高于管理策略和学习策略,表明留学生有比较明确的学习策略意识。听力和口语相比,留学生更重视口语的习得,他们在口语监控策略、计划策略和处理障碍策略上都得分较高,但他们在口头表达时对母语的依赖也更强,较少使用总结、吸纳策略。留学生在写作学习上没有计划,较少使用交流求助和总结吸纳策略,对写作不够重视。女生比男生要注意制定计划、总结吸纳,但男生在认知策略和处理障碍上得分较高。非汉字圈的学生在交流求助、处理障碍和总结吸纳策略上的得分比汉字圈的学生高,而汉字圈的学生在学习汉语时更有计划性。初级水平的学生对学习策略的概念比较模糊,不知道如何在学习过程中使用各种策略,中级水平的学生经过一段时间的学习和摸索,能够在学习中经常使用各种策略帮助理解和表达。造成这些结果可能是因为：(1)留学生在中国生活,迫切的表达需要让他们更重视口语的习得和策略的运用。(2)写作本身的难度让学生对写作产生畏难情绪。(3)女生的性格使她们在学习汉语时比男生计划性更强,注意总结。(4)不同的文化背景造成非汉字圈的学生偏爱使用交流求助策略,汉字圈的学生计划性更强。(5)汉语水平较低是造成初级水平的学生各项策略使用频率不高的主要原因。最后,本文根据数据分析的结果,对汉语作为第二语言的教学对策和策略培训提出了一些建议。
[Abstract]:Since 1990s, the study of learning strategies has become an important aspect of language acquisition. However, few people divide language skills into two types: input and output, and make a contrastive study of input and output learning strategies horizontally and vertically. Based on the classification of learning strategies and interviews with foreign students, this study designed a questionnaire on the use of learning strategies in the four aspects of listening, speaking, reading and writing for foreign students, and then made a statistical analysis with the help of SPSS17.0 software. This paper compares the differences and similarities between the Chinese input and output learning strategies used by foreign students, and probes into the influence of gender, cultural background and Chinese proficiency on the use of learning strategies for foreign students. Through data analysis, it is found that the scores of foreign students in learning concepts are higher than those in management strategies and learning strategies, which indicates that foreign students have a clear sense of learning strategies. Compared with oral English, foreign students pay more attention to the acquisition of oral English. They scored higher in oral monitoring strategies, planning strategies and coping barriers strategies, but they also relied more on their mother tongue for oral expression, using less summary and absorbing strategies. Female students pay more attention to making plans and summing up than boys, but boys have higher scores on cognitive strategies and processing obstacles. The scores of coping obstacles and summing up strategies were higher than those of Chinese circle students, while the Chinese character circle students had more planning in learning Chinese. Do not know how to use various strategies in the learning process, intermediate level students after a period of time to learn and explore, Can often use a variety of strategies in learning to help understand and express. These results may be due to the Chinese students living in China, The urgent expression needs to make them pay more attention to the acquisition of oral English and the use of strategies. (2) the difficulty of writing itself makes students feel afraid of writing. (3) female students' personality makes them more planning than boys in learning Chinese. Pay attention to summing up. 4) different cultural backgrounds result in the students of non-Chinese circle prefer to use communication help strategies, and the lower level of Chinese language is the main reason for the low frequency of using various strategies of students at primary level. Finally, according to the results of data analysis, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the teaching strategy and strategy training of Chinese as a second language.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

【引证文献】