包头东河晋方言语音和词汇系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 12:45

本文选题：包头东河晋方言　切入点：韵母　出处：《中南民族大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：包头方言属于晋方言大包片（包头大同片）。特别是东河区作为包头市的老城区，晋方言很早以前便成了东河区人民共同使用的通用语了。东河区拥有悠久的历史文化，是包头市的发源地，也是包头文化的发源地。居住在东河区的人们大部分祖籍山西，他们正是“走西口”这个近代移民浪潮的经历者。他们主要来自山西北部地区，并长期在包头地区生活繁衍，已经有二三百年了。他们在语言上仍使用晋方言交流，并且与蒙古族人民世世代代和谐相处，形成了很有特色的蒙汉文化。特别是在语言方面，晋方言在进入内蒙古地区时，也同样受到蒙古语的影响。大量的蒙古语被运用到了晋方言中，形成了具有少数民族特色的晋方言。晋方言分布在处于北方官话统治的地区，但由于其闭塞的地理环境，形成了在北方独秀一枝的有入声的方言，晋方言的分布不仅在山西，而且在陕西、内蒙古、河北都有晋方言存在。晋方言区的形成都是因为有的历史上曾隶属于山西，有的是山西移民带去了晋方言。本文主要研究包头东河晋方言，它在语音和词汇上的特点，并与普通话进行比较。山西移民在经过几百年的蜕变和发展后，已经完全融入了内蒙古地区的生活。这样他们带来的山西晋方言也在一定程度上发生了变化，再加上普通话的普及和推广，包头又是一个移民城市，不仅有来自山西的移民，建国后，，又有东北人移民来包头建设钢铁工业，包头东河晋方言已经离正宗的山西晋方言越来越远了，不管是在语音上韵母声母的减少，还是在词汇上“圪”词缀构成词的减少，这些都是值得我们注意的现象。本人作为包头东河人，虽然祖辈来自山西，但仍想守护包头东河晋方言，因为它是我们人类语言的瑰宝，也是山西人民走西口历史的鉴证，是祖辈们留给我们最宝贵的遗产，它也代表着汉族和蒙古民族的友好和谐。通过对包头东河晋方言的研究，我们可以对晋方言的分立问题，给予一定的材料支持，丰富晋方言词汇，特别是蒙古语借词的出现，更是内蒙古晋方言所独有的特点。分析语音，可以为更好地推广普通话提供帮助；分析词汇，有助于研究内蒙古晋方言词汇的发展和演变，更为方言创作提供了支持，如内蒙古二人台这种艺术形式，虽然它是蒙汉文化充分交流的凝聚的戏剧形式，但它发展仍具有滞后性。希望有更多的人关注内蒙古晋方言，这一独特的方言，在找到晋方言这一根源的同时，注意蒙汉语言的比较，及其背后的语言历史，为汉语方言研究做出贡献。
[Abstract]:Baotou dialect belongs to the Baotou dialect (Baotou Datong film), especially the Donghe District, as the old city of Baotou City, the Jin dialect became a common language used by the people of Donghe District a long time ago. The Donghe District has a long history and culture. Baotou is the birthplace of Baotou city and the birthplace of Baotou culture. Most of the people living in Donghe District have their ancestral home in Shanxi, and they are the ones who have experienced the wave of modern immigrants, "take the West mouth". They mainly come from the northern part of Shanxi. And they have been living and multiplying in Baotou for a long time for two or three hundred years. They still communicate in Jin dialect in language, and live in harmony with the Mongolian people from generation to generation, forming a very distinctive Mongolian and Han culture, especially in terms of language. When Jin dialect entered Inner Mongolia area, it was also influenced by Mongolian language. A large number of Mongolian dialects were applied to Jin dialect and formed Jin dialect with minority characteristics. The Jin dialect is distributed in the area under the rule of northern Mandarin, but because of its closed geographical environment, it has formed a unique dialect in the north. The distribution of Jin dialect is not only in Shanxi, but also in Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia. Shanxi dialect exists in Hebei Province. The formation of Jin dialect area is due to the history of Shanxi, some Shanxi immigrants brought the Jin dialect. This paper mainly studies Baotou Donghe Jin dialect, its phonetic and lexical characteristics, and compares with Putonghua. After several hundred years of transformation and development of Shanxi immigrants, It has been fully integrated into the life of Inner Mongolia. In this way, the Shanxi Jin dialect that they brought about has also changed to a certain extent. In addition to the popularization and promotion of Mandarin, Baotou is also a city of immigrants, not only from Shanxi, but also from Shanxi. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, there were also immigrants from the Northeast to Baotou to build the iron and steel industry. Baotou Donghe Jin dialect has become more and more distant from the authentic Shanxi Jin dialect, regardless of the decrease in phonetic vowels and consonants. It is still in the vocabulary of "GE" affixes to reduce the number of words that deserve our attention. As a Baotou Donghe native, although my ancestors came from Shanxi, I still want to guard Baotou Donghe Jin dialect. Because it is the treasure of our human language, it is also the testimony of the history of Shanxi people walking to the West, it is the most precious legacy left to us by our ancestors, and it also represents the friendship and harmony between the Han nationality and the Mongolian nation. Through the study of Baotou Donghe Jin dialect, We can give some material support to the separation of Jin dialect, enrich the vocabulary of Jin dialect, especially the appearance of Mongolian loanwords, is the unique characteristics of Inner Mongolia Jin dialect. It can help to popularize Putonghua better, to analyze vocabulary, to study the development and evolution of the vocabulary of Jin dialect in Inner Mongolia, and to provide support for the creation of dialects, such as the artistic form of Errentai in Inner Mongolia. Although it is a condensed form of drama for the full exchange of Mongolian and Han cultures, its development is still lagging behind. It is hoped that more people will pay attention to the Inner Mongolia Jin dialect, a unique dialect which, at the same time, finds the root cause of the Jin dialect. Pay attention to the comparison of Mongolian and Chinese languages and their language history, and contribute to the study of Chinese dialects.
【学位授予单位】：中南民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H172.2

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