现代汉语回溯性话语标记考察

发布时间：2018-04-11 13:27

本文选题：回溯性话语标记 + 功能　；参考：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：回溯性话语标记存在的根本原因在于语言的单向性,它不能多维发展。不能像画画一样满纸铺陈,一眼便能看出它的全貌,语言的意义虽然可以有多重意思、多条线索或多重韵味,但它写出来或者说出来的语言形式始终还是要受到这种线性规则的制约。而回溯是使语言呈线性排列的重要手段。回溯性话语标记起着“路标”的作用,是一种语境坐标,能够反映出思维的路径,所以是一类非常值得关注的语言要素。回溯算法是计算机最常用和最基本的算法之一,它先将要解决的问题划分成几条逻辑思路,就像一根树干伸出一条一条的树枝,然后从这个树干开始一个一个地去尝试,出现矛盾不能继续运算下去时,就往回走,回到起初“树干”的位置,换一条逻辑思路重新尝试,这个“树干”与“树枝”的分叉点就叫“回溯点”。“回溯性话语标记”好比程序设计中的“回溯点”,我们目的也在于通过回溯性话语标记,厘清事件表达的逻辑脉络,对中文信息处理研究能够起到一定的参考作用。本文先对各种回溯性话语标记加以分类并进行详细的描写,我们把回溯性话语标记分为三大类下面又分小类：一、篇章层面的回溯性话语标记1.迂回含蓄模式.预设推进模式；二、语用层面的回溯性话语标记1.增强语气型2.意识流动型3.表达转换型；三、逻辑层面的回溯性话语标记1.时间式回溯2.原因式回溯3.条件式回溯。从功能上看,文本中的互动产生于话语发生和理解的过程之中,文本生产之时,作者同时也要预测读者的期望,想象中将自己变成读者,努力在自己的写作意图和接受者的期望之间取得平衡,回溯性话语标记在这里便起到了角色之间转换的过渡作用。从文化上看,一个民族的语言特点是由其民族文化孕育而成的。汉民族句子如水般柔性流动、迂回转折随遇而安,着重追求内部的文气畅通,使语言能够成为作者思想流动的镜像,回溯性话语标记的使用使这种语义的流动更加连贯自然。
[Abstract]:The fundamental reason for the existence of retrospective discourse markers lies in the unidirectional nature of language.Can not be as full of paper as painting, can be seen at a glance its full picture, although the meaning of language can have more meaning, more clues or more flavor,But its written or spoken language form is still subject to this linear rule.Backtracking is an important means of making language linearly arranged.Retroactive discourse markers play the role of "road signs" and are contextual coordinates, which can reflect the path of thinking, so they are a kind of language elements that deserve our attention.The backtracking algorithm is one of the most commonly used and basic algorithms for computers. It divides the problem into logical ideas, like a tree trunk sticking out one by one, and then starting from this trunk to try one by one.When a contradiction cannot continue to be calculated, it goes back to its original "trunk" position, and retries its logical thinking. The bifurcation point between "trunk" and "branch" is called "backtracking point"."retrospective discourse markers" are like "backtracking points" in program design. We also aim to clarify the logical context of event expression through retrospective discourse markers, which can play a certain reference role in the study of Chinese information processing.This paper classifies and describes all kinds of retroactive discourse markers in detail. We divide them into three main categories and then subdivide them into three categories: first, retrospective discourse markers at the textual level (1).Circuitous implicit pattern.Presupposition advancement model; second, retroactive discourse markers at pragmatic level 1.Type 2.Conscious flow type 3.Third, retrospective discourse markers at logical level 1.Time backtracking 2.Causal backtracking 3.Conditional backtracking.From a functional point of view, the interaction in the text arises from the process of discourse occurrence and understanding. When the text is produced, the author also has to predict the expectations of the reader and imagine himself to be the reader.Trying to strike a balance between their writing intentions and the expectations of their recipients, retrospective discourse markers play a transitional role in the transition between roles.From the cultural point of view, the language characteristics of a nation are gestated by its national culture.The sentences of the Han nationality flow softly like water, and turn round and turn as they please. The emphasis is on the unblocking of the inner style of writing, so that the language can become the mirror image of the author's thought flow. The use of retroactive discourse markers makes the semantic flow more coherent and natural.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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