中美外交部新闻发布会话语的情态系统人际意义对比研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 06:54

本文选题：新闻发布会话语 + 人际意义　；参考：《江苏师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在经济全球化的大背景下,各国的联系日益密切。政府的外交新闻发布会也逐渐成为政府信息传播的一项重要形式。各国的外交部新闻发布会主要涉及日常工作方面的内容,能够及时将政府的政策,或对重大事件的态度立场传达给媒体和民众,是保障公民知情权和政治参与权的重要途径。在外交新闻发布会中,新闻发言人的主要职责是发布信息,代表整个国家的立场来对记者的提问进行回答。因此,外交新闻发言人在表达方式及措辞上必须严谨,已达到外交新闻发布会的目的。韩礼德的系统功能语法理论中指出,人际意义主要是通过情态系统来体现。作者发现在新闻发言人话语中情态系统的使用比较普遍,所以,本文依据韩礼德的人际意义理论,从情态系统的角度对外交新闻发言会话语在人际意义实现方式上进行了对比研究,试图发现在中美外交新闻发布会中,新闻发言人在运用情态所表达人际意义的相同和不同,并试图阐释其产生的原因。本文有以下几点研究问题:(1)中美外交部新闻发布会话语最常使用哪些情态表达方式?(2)中美外交部新闻发布会话语使用的情态系统的表达方式有何异同?(3)中美外交部新闻发布会话语使用的情态系统所表达人际意义的异同有哪些?(4)这些异同点揭示了怎样的不同的权力距离文化和价值观?笔者分别从中国外交部网站和美国国务院网站随机选择各35篇新闻发布会语料,时间跨度为2010年5月到2013年5月。文中结合了定性分析和定量分析的两种方法。本文从情态系统的角度,对各个情态系统出现的频率,情态助动词,情态附加语,情态隐喻四个方面进行研究。其中,在情态助动词层面,从类型和量值两个方面对其进行分析;在情态附加语层面,从语气附加语和评价附加语两方面进行分析。研究发现:中美外交部新闻发布会语料中,情态助动词和情态附加语是中美外交部新闻发布会语篇中情态系统的主要实现方式。两者的使用频率比较高,所占的比例总和分别96.54%和92.91%。相同点还表现在:(1)情态助动词方面,在情态词类型的选择上,中美外交部新闻发布会语料中可能性情态词的使用较多,两国的新闻发言人都遵循了客观性原则和礼貌性原则。(2)情态隐喻方面,中美两国新闻发言人都选择较多的使用明确主观情态词来实现其人际意义,分别为93.69%和96.58%,可以使外交新闻发言人的观点个人化,以减少政府的责任,并有利于发言人与记者之间的交流。同时,通过对比分析,不同点表现在:(1)与美方外交新闻发布会语料中出现的高值情态词相比,中方新闻发言人语料中高值情态词出现的频率较高为42.07%而美方外交新闻发布会语料中却只有22.1%,说明中国属于高权利距离国家,比较重视人与人之间权利的距离,拉开发言人与听众的权力距离,以显示出发言人的权威性。(2)与中方新闻发言人相比,美方新闻发言人较多地使用责任型情态词。最后,这些情态系统所实现的方式和表达的人际意义主要揭示出两国从属于不同的权利距离文化国家和两国有着不同的价值观念。这些发现有助于我们了解中美两方这一类语篇的人际意义表达的各自特点和两者的异同,了解两国的外交新闻发言人是怎样通过人际意义的表达来实现其各自的目的。
[Abstract]:In the context of economic globalization, the contacts of various countries are becoming increasingly close. The government's diplomatic press conferences have gradually become an important form of government information dissemination. The press conferences of the Foreign Ministry of the country are mainly involved in the daily work, and can timely convey the government's policy, or the attitude of the major events to the media. In the diplomatic press conference, the main responsibility of the spokesman is to publish information and to answer the questions of the reporter on behalf of the whole country. Therefore, the diplomatic press spokesman must be strict in expression and language and have reached diplomatic news release. In the system functional grammar theory of Hallidy, it is pointed out that the interpersonal meaning is mainly embodied through the modality system. The author finds that the use of the modality system in the news spokesman's discourse is more common, so this article, based on Hallidy's interpersonal meaning theory, makes the discourse in the diplomatic news speech in the interpersonal meaning from the point of view of the modality system. A contrastive study is carried out in the meaning realization way, trying to find the same and different interpersonal meaning expressed by the spokesman in the use of modality in the Sino US diplomatic news conference, and try to explain the reasons for it. (1) what modality expression is most often used in the discourse of the news conference of the Chinese and American Foreign Ministry (2) what are the similarities and differences of the modality system used in the discourse of the Chinese and American foreign ministry news conferences? (3) what are the similarities and differences of the interpersonal meaning expressed in the modality system used by the Chinese and American foreign ministry news conferences? (4) how do these similarities and differences reveal the different cultures and values of the power distance? The author from the Chinese foreign ministry network The station and the web site of the State Council randomly select 35 news conference materials from May 2010 to May 2013. The paper combines two methods of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. From the point of view of the modality system, this paper carries out four aspects of the frequency, modal auxiliary, modal adjunct and modality metaphor in the modality system. In the level of modal auxiliary words, it is analyzed from two aspects of type and value; in the level of modal adjuncts, the analysis is made from two aspects of modal add-on and evaluation adjunct. The research finds that in the news conference corpus of the Chinese and American foreign ministry, modal auxiliary words and modal adjuncts are in the news conference discourse of the Chinese and American foreign ministry. The main mode of realization of modality system. The use frequency of the two is high, the sum of the proportion of the proportion of the 96.54% and 92.91%. is also the same. (1) in the modal verbs, the use of the possibility modality words in the news conference corpus of the Chinese and American foreign ministry is more, and the news spokesmen of both countries follow the guest. Views and politeness principles. (2) in the metaphors of modality, both Chinese and American press spokesmen choose to use more specific subjective modals to achieve their interpersonal meaning, 93.69% and 96.58%, respectively, to personalize the views of the diplomatic spokesman, in order to reduce the responsibility of the government and to facilitate the communication between the spokesman and the reporter. By contrast, the different points are shown in: (1) compared with the high value modal words in the American diplomatic news conference corpus, the high value modality words in Chinese press spokespersons have a higher frequency of 42.07% and only 22.1% of the American diplomatic press conferences, indicating that China belongs to the high right distance country and pays more attention to the people. The distance between the rights of the speaker and the audience opens the distance between the speaker and the audience to show the authority of the spokesman. (2) compared with the Chinese press spokesman, the American press spokespersons use more responsible modality words. Finally, the ways of the modality system and the interpersonal meaning expressed mainly reveal the differences between the two countries. Right distance from cultural countries and countries has different values. These discoveries help us to understand the characteristics and similarities and differences of the interpersonal meaning expression of the two Chinese and American texts, and to understand how the diplomatic speakers of the two countries realize their respective purposes through the expression of interpersonal meaning.

【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H15;H315

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