现代汉语否定性简省句研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 09:39

本文选题：否定 + 简省句　；参考：《浙江师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,现代汉语中产生了很多形式简单、语义自足、常带语气词且带有否定性主观表义功能的口语句。本文从功能和语义视角出发,按照否定功能表义的标准对约二十个日常口语句式进行划分,形成了“否定性简省句”的大致框架。本文分为六个部分：第一部分通过与“省略句”、“半截话”的定义对比,我们对“简省句”的含义重新作了界定：结构简单、语气完整；语义自足、有固定格式义；很难填补；表层结构与深层语义不对等。而“否定性简省句”除了具备简省句的特点外,还兼具了否定表达的功能,并且这种否定表义并不等同于消极情感义表达。第二部分首先分析了现代汉语否定性简省句的整体特征：语音上,短小精悍；词类上,常用语气词；句法上,具有反常规性；语义功能上,有规约性、不可推导性和交叉性的特征；语用场合上,交际双方地位对等。在此基础上,根据否定功能和来源划定否定性简省句的功能类别,包括三大层级五大类：行为否定类、意愿否定类、推测否定类、预期否定类、评价否定类。同一否定性简省句在不同语境中可以出现不同的否定功能。第三、四部分分别对两种典型否定性简省句进行逐一分析,主要从语义、否定来源和主观化等方面对“又来了!”、“至于吗?”进行了细致的探讨。行为否定类简省句“又来了!”,其消极情绪义是由语义焦点“又”引发的。从外部环境来看,语境压制与认知理据上的影响进一步促使其否定义的生成。“至于吗?”有行为否定义与意愿否定义两种含义表达,随着语境的转换会有所变化。我们认为,“至于吗?”否定义的生成与“至于”语义的演变以及“甚至于”的出现有很大关系。它可能是由“至于……吗?”简省固化产生而来,但这两种句式仍有所差别。第五节为结论部分。首先对本文的主要内容进行了大致概括,其次对本文的创新点作了分析。
[Abstract]:In recent years, modern Chinese has produced many colloquial sentences with simple form, semantic self-sufficiency, often with modal words and negative subjective semantic functions. From the perspective of function and semantics, this paper classifies about 20 daily spoken sentence patterns according to the criterion of negative functional table meaning, and forms the general frame of "negative simplified sentence saving". This paper is divided into six parts: In the first part, by contrasting with the definitions of "ellipsis sentence" and "half sentence", we redefine the meaning of "simple sentence": simple structure, complete tone, self-sufficient semantics, fixed form meaning, difficult to fill; The surface structure is not equal to the deep semantic. In addition to the features of the simplified sentence, the negative simplified sentence also has the function of negative expression, which is not equal to negative emotional expression. The second part first analyzes the overall characteristics of the negative simple sentence in modern Chinese: phonetic, short, concise; part of speech, commonly used mood words; syntactic, has anti-conventional, semantic function, there are rules, The indeductible and intersecting features; in pragmatic situations, the communicative parties are of equal status. On this basis, according to the negative function and source, the functional categories of negative simple sentence are classified, including three levels and five categories: behavior negation, willingness negation, conjecture negation, expected negation, and evaluation negation. The same negative simple sentence can have different negative functions in different contexts. The third and fourth parts analyze the two typical negative simple sentences one by one, mainly from the semantic, negative sources and subjective aspects of "again!", "as for?" A detailed discussion was made. The negative emotional meaning of behavioral negation is triggered by semantic focus. From the external environment, the influence of contextual repression and cognitive motivation further promotes the formation of its definition. "as for it?" The definition of behavior and intention will change with the change of context. We thought, "as for that?" The formation of the definition of "no" is closely related to the evolution of the semantics of "as" and the appearance of "even". It may be by "as for." "?" Simplex solidification came into being, but the two sentence patterns are still different. Section V is the concluding part. Firstly, the main contents of this paper are summarized, and then the innovation of this paper is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】