汉越借用名量词对比研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 20:20

本文选题：量词 + 借用名量词　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：量词是汉藏语系中最特殊的词类，它又充满表现了人们以形象为主的思维方式，又具有较强的民族性特色。汉语名量词分为专用名量词与借用名量词两大类。其中前者跟名词的结合是约定俗成，不能任意的，而后者是从名词、动词借用来担任量词，是个开放的一类，数量众多，可以类推的。学习前者可以更深入了解中国文化和中国人的思维方式，而学习后者可以更加巩固与掌握词类的活用和语言的虚化历程。而不管前者还是后者，对于外国留学生来说他们显然是个最大的难题。本文选择“汉语借用名量词”和“越南语借用名量词”为研究对象，其中前者是核心对象，而后者是比较对象。虽然越南语借用名量词数量没汉语那么丰富但它本来也有独特的一面。从语义类别角度，可以把“汉越借用名量词”分成三小类：可容型借用名量词（多借用于容器名词）、可附型借用名量词（多借用于人体器官名词）和亲属称谓名词借用作量词。笔者在前人研究的基础上做出统计，摘选出汉越借用名量词的最典型例子，分成五个小组。之后，采用语义分析法、句法结构分析法从语义、语法、语用三平面对汉语借用名量词的五个小组进行分析，比较，举例说明，以便容易显出两者的异同。相信通过以上的步骤的探析，，“汉越借用名量词对比研究”一文已达到一定的程度，使学习者和教学者能够认清现代汉语和越南语借用名量词的本质上的异同，让留学生更加掌握汉语借用名量词的语义和语法功能。希望文章能够对针对越南学生的对外汉语事业和针对中国学生的对外越南语事业提供一份可靠的资料。作为个来华留学的外国学生，笔者尽管学习汉语六年了，因能力有限，往往认为自己才只接触汉语的一个表面，还要继续努力深造与积累。加上，关于“越南借用名量词”、“汉越借用名量词对比”这篇题材，本文算是研究的先锋者。因此，本文在基础知识上或对比理据上难免存着一些疏漏之处，恳请各位老师和同学批评指正，共同探讨。
[Abstract]:Quantifiers are the most special parts of speech in the Sino Tibetan language family. They also show people's thinking mode based on image and have strong national characteristics.
Chinese noun quantifier is divided into two categories: special noun quantifier and noun measure word. The combination of the former and noun is conventional and can not be arbitrary. The latter is a noun and verb is used to act as a quantifier. It is an open class, a large number and can be analogous. The former can learn more deeply about Chinese culture and Chinese thinking mode. And learning the latter can strengthen and master the use of words and the virtual process of language, and whether the former or the latter, they are obviously the biggest problem for foreign students.
This paper chooses "Chinese borrowing name Quantifier" and "Vietnamese loan name Quantifier" as the research object, the former is the core object and the latter is the comparative object. Although the number of Vietnamese borrower quantifiers is not so rich but it has a unique side. From the semantic category angle, the "Vietnamese Vietnamese Borrower Quantifier" can be divided into three. The small category: the quantifier of the capacitive borrowing name (mostly used in the container nouns), the append type quantifier (more borrowed for body organ nouns) and the relative appellation nouns as quantifiers. The author makes statistics on the basis of previous studies, and extracts the most typical examples of the Chinese Vietnamese borrowed name quantifier, which is divided into five groups. After that, the semantic analysis method is used. The method of structural analysis is used to analyze the five groups of Chinese borrower quantifiers from the semantic, grammatical and pragmatic levels, and compare them with examples so that they can easily show the similarities and differences.
It is believed that through the above steps, the article has reached a certain degree, so that the learners and the instructors can recognize the similarities and differences between the modern Chinese and the Vietnamese borrowed name quantifiers and let the students master the semantic and grammatical functions of the Chinese borrower quantifier. It provides reliable information for Vietnamese students in the cause of Chinese as a foreign language and Vietnamese Vietnamese language for Chinese students.
As a foreign student studying in China, in spite of his six years of learning Chinese, because of his limited ability, I often think that he is only in contact with the surface of the Chinese language, but also to continue to work hard to study and accumulate. Plus, "Vietnam borrows the Quantifier", "Han Yue borrows the quantifier to compare" this subject, therefore, this article is the pioneer of the study. There are unavoidable omissions in basic knowledge or comparative motivation. I urge all teachers and students to criticize and correct them and discuss them together.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146;H44

【参考文献】