中日文化差异与对日汉语教学中的应对策略

发布时间：2018-05-27 22:22

本文选题：中日文化差异 + 对日教学　；参考：《郑州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：不同的生存方式创造出了不同的文化形态，当文化形成的时候，就会约束各个民族的生存方式，它们相互作用、相互依存，这种关系存在于每个国家和民族中，这也必然影响了每个人的思维模式与价值观念，在漫长的历史发展过程中，不同的民族形成了形形色色的文化形态，各自也走上了不同的发展道路。当交通工具、通讯方式和互联网以迅雷不及掩耳之势的速度在全球发展起来时，世界开始逐渐缩小；人们之间的交往方式的种类也更加繁多，远远超越了国界与民族的限制。各国经济、政治与文化的频繁交往，使人们接触到了来自不同文化背景的人，人们意识到了不同的国家与民族之间存在着很大的文化差异，也意识到了开拓视野和拓展跨文化交际知识的必要性。每个民族都具有独特的历史、风土人情、文化和习俗等，但是当与不同的民族进行交际时，，不同的习俗和文化就会自然而然的流露出来。首次和来自不同文化背景的人交流时，由于双方文化的差异，人们常常会表现出各种不适应，甚至产生文化休克现象，导致跨文化交际无法正常进行，最终产生诸多不快和误解。本论文以中日跨文化交际为例，在民俗的视角下，剖析中日两国文化的异同，将中日文化关系间的种种迷团解开，进一步真正的认清日本固有的文化特性、日本人的民族特征和国民精神构架。在认识和了解日本的基础上，针对中日两国跨文化交际中产生的问题，提出几种解决方法。本论文共分为四章，第一章主要论述中日跨文化研究的重要性及意义，由跨文化交际的含义，跨文化交际冲突、中日跨文化交际的必要性、目的、意义组成；第二章是分析了中日两国文化的差异，首先简单介绍中日文化差异对汉语教学的影响，然后通过中日礼仪、饮食习惯、价值观念、语言表现形式等几个方面进行对比分析；第三章的主要内容是中日文化差异形成的因素，由社会文化因素、日本人对待死亡和死者的态度、日本人重视等级和依附强权三个因素构成。本论文最后一章提出了在对日汉语教学中出现的一些问题及对应策略，希望来中国学习汉语的日本人能够在了解中日文化差异的前提下，达到顺利进行跨文化交际的目的。
[Abstract]:Different ways of living create different forms of culture, and when culture comes into being, it constrains the way each nation survives, and they interact and depend on each other, and this relationship exists in every country and nation. This will inevitably affect the mode of thinking and values of everyone, in the long history of development, different nationalities have formed a variety of cultural forms, and they have also embarked on different development paths. As transportation, communication and the Internet developed at a rapid pace around the world, the world began to shrink, and the types of communication between people became more diverse, far beyond the limits of national and national boundaries. The frequent economic, political and cultural exchanges among countries have brought people from different cultural backgrounds into contact, and people have realized that there are great cultural differences between different countries and nations. It also realizes the necessity of broadening vision and knowledge of cross-cultural communication. Each nation has a unique history, customs, culture and customs, but when communicating with different nationalities, different customs and cultures will naturally come out. When communicating with people from different cultural backgrounds for the first time, due to the cultural differences between the two sides, people often show various kinds of maladjustment and even produce the phenomenon of cultural shock, which leads to the failure of cross-cultural communication. Finally, a lot of unpleasant and misunderstanding. This thesis takes the cross-cultural communication between China and Japan as an example, from the perspective of folklore, analyzes the similarities and differences between Chinese and Japanese cultures, unravels the various puzzles between Sino-Japanese cultural relations, and further recognizes the inherent cultural characteristics of Japan. The national characteristics and national spirit of the Japanese. On the basis of understanding and understanding of Japan, this paper puts forward several solutions to the problems in intercultural communication between China and Japan. This thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter mainly discusses the importance and significance of the cross-cultural research between China and Japan, which consists of the meaning of intercultural communication, the conflict of intercultural communication, the necessity, purpose and significance of Sino-Japanese intercultural communication. The second chapter is to analyze the cultural differences between China and Japan. Firstly, it introduces the influence of the cultural differences between China and Japan on Chinese teaching, and then makes a comparative analysis through Chinese and Japanese etiquette, eating habits, values, language forms and so on. The main content of the third chapter is the forming factors of the cultural difference between China and Japan, which consists of three factors: the social and cultural factors, the attitude of the Japanese towards death and the dead, and the Japanese attaching importance to hierarchy and dependence on power. In the last chapter of this thesis, some problems and corresponding strategies in the teaching of Chinese to Japan are put forward. It is hoped that the Japanese who come to China to study Chinese can successfully carry out cross-cultural communication on the premise of understanding the cultural differences between China and Japan.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195.3

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