新闻语言中的字母词应用研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 06:39

【摘要】：在当今社会,世界上的各个国家不但在经济、政治等领域加强交流与合作,在语言文化领域的交流也日益频繁。自从20世纪80年代中国实行改革开放以来,我国在政治、经济、文化等各个领域都向世界敞开了大门,大量新事物、新观念涌入中国的同时,数量众多的外来词也进入了中国。外来词是语言中的外来客,却也是汉语词汇系统中不可缺少的组成部分,特殊的身份使它们成为汉语言研究的重要对象。本论文致力于字母词在汉语新闻语言中的应用研究。新闻是一种根据受众的需要而及时发布新近发生事实信息的行为。新闻语言是汉语语言中非常重要的一个方面,新闻语言的发展变化也向语言学提出了越来越多的问题。字母词以前所未有的速度和规模进入到汉语新闻语言中,逐步成为一个热点问题,也成为我国汉语语言研究中的一个备受关注的问题。本论文通过语料分析和客观真实的调查问卷方式,对字母词在汉语新闻语言中应用的变化趋势,以及大众对字母词应用的态度进行调查和研究,描写了字母词在新闻语言中使用的原始面貌,剖析汉语新闻语言中字母词的变化趋势,分析当前背景下字母词在汉语新闻语言中的特征,考察字母词对汉语新闻语言的影响以及解析新闻受众对字母词的接受态度的程度,并进一步探讨提出了相应的规范。在本研究中,选取两份报刊,一份是全国性报刊《中国青年报》,另一份是地方性报刊《东方早报》,抽样各选取2005年8月、2008年8月和2011年8月的内容,进行了穷尽性分析和统计；同时,针对记者、公务员、教师、大学生、高中生、初中生、老年人等不同群体进行了关于大众对字母词应用的接受态度问卷调查,在两个月之内共选取了1400人作为调查对象。为保证问卷的真实性,调查形式为亲自访问,受访者当面做出回答。研究结果表明,字母词在不同新闻媒体中的分布情况不同,但总体是呈增长的发展趋势；从构成的角度看,有纯字母词、带汉字的字母词、带数字的字母词和汉语拼音字母词；字母词总数量较大但是高频词较少,另外出现一次的字母词较多,这说明字母词缺少稳定性；通过问卷调查可知,除了公务员这个群体,其他的几个持支持的要比反对的多；大部分老年人对使用字母词持中立态度；理科大学生持支持态度的比例要高于文科生；需要指出的是大部分外语专业的学生都支持使用字母词；高年级学生支持率要高于低年级学生；男生支持率要高于女生。本文最后对研究进行总结,概括了相关结论,也得出了相应的启示：字母词越来越被广泛使用,但摆在当前最重要的问题就是如何规范使用字母词,结合具体研究作者提出了字母词的规范化研究和入典问题。最后指出了本研究的局限性,并对将来的研究提出了建议。
[Abstract]:In today's society, all countries in the world not only strengthen exchanges and cooperation in economic, political and other fields, but also exchange more and more frequently in the field of language and culture. Since the implementation of reform and opening to the outside world in the 1980s, China has opened its doors to the world in politics, economy, culture and other fields. A large number of new things and new ideas have poured into China, and at the same time, a large number of loanwords have also entered China. Loanwords are foreign speakers in language, but they are also an indispensable part of Chinese lexical system. Because of their special identities, loanwords have become an important object in the study of Chinese language. This thesis is devoted to the application of alphabetic words in Chinese news language. News is a kind of timely release of factual information according to the needs of the audience. News language is a very important aspect of Chinese language. The development of news language also raises more and more questions to linguistics. Alphabetic words have entered Chinese news language at an unprecedented speed and scale, which has gradually become a hot issue, and has become a subject of great concern in the study of Chinese language in China. Through corpus analysis and objective and real questionnaire, this paper investigates the trend of the application of alphabetic words in Chinese news language, and the attitude of the public towards the use of alphabetic words. This paper describes the original features of alphabetic words used in news language, analyzes the changing trend of alphabetic words in Chinese news language, and analyzes the characteristics of alphabetic words in Chinese news language under the current background. This paper investigates the influence of alphabetic words on Chinese news language and analyzes the degree of acceptance attitude of news audience to alphabetic words, and further discusses the corresponding norms. In this study, two newspapers were selected, one was the national newspaper, the China Youth Daily, and the other was the local newspaper, the Oriental Morning Post. The contents of the samples were collected from August 2005, August 2008 and August 2011 respectively, and the exhaustive analysis and statistics were carried out. At the same time, a questionnaire survey was conducted among journalists, civil servants, teachers, college students, high school students, junior high school students, senior middle school students and the elderly on the acceptance attitude of the public to the use of alphabetic words. A total of 1400 people were selected as the subjects in two months. In order to ensure the authenticity of the questionnaire, the questionnaire was conducted in person and the interviewees answered in person. The results show that the distribution of alphabetic words in different news media is different, but the overall trend is increasing, from the point of view of composition, there are pure alphabet words, alphabetic words with Chinese characters, alphabetic words with numbers and alphabet words with Chinese phonetic alphabet. The total number of alphabetic words is larger but the number of high-frequency words is less, and there are more alphabetic words once again, which indicates that the alphabetic words lack of stability. Through the questionnaire survey, it can be seen that, in addition to this group of civil servants, the other several support more than the opposition; The majority of the elderly have a neutral attitude towards the use of alphabetic words, the proportion of science students who hold a supportive attitude is higher than that of liberal arts students, and it should be pointed out that most of the students majoring in foreign languages support the use of alphabetic words; The support rate of the senior students is higher than that of the lower grade students; the support rate of the boys is higher than that of the girls. Finally, this paper summarizes the research, summarizes the relevant conclusions, and draws the corresponding enlightenment: alphabetic words are more and more widely used, but the most important problem is how to regulate the use of alphabetic words. Combined with specific research, the author puts forward the standardization of alphabetic words and the problem of their entry. Finally, the limitations of this study are pointed out, and suggestions for future research are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136

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