汉语“吃”和博茨瓦纳“Ja”对比分析
发布时间：2018-10-15 20:01
【摘要】：汉语“吃”与博茨瓦纳语“Ja”是各自语言里一个很常见的动词,因此汉语语法学家很早开始就从三个平面角度对“吃”进行的研究。汉语“吃”和博茨瓦纳语的“Ja”带宾语是很复杂的语法现象。 本文对汉语“吃”和博茨瓦纳语“Ja”构成的动宾结构的基本义、派生义、隐喻、转喻等现象进行考察与研究。全文主要内容如下： 一、在句法功能方面,“吃”与“Ja”都作谓语,是句子的核心,分析二者在两种语言中的搭配功能,如“吃”与名词、形容词、动词的组合。在两种语言中“吃”与名词搭配频率比较高,“吃”与动词搭配频率比较低。接下来分析“吃”作谓语时主语的选择机制。这些名词性成分哪些能作主语,哪些能作宾语是由语言运用者选择的主观视点决定的。 二、汉语“吃+0”与博茨瓦纳语“Ja+O”的基本义和派生义考察。根据词典分类描写汉语“吃”的基本义和派生义,归纳博茨瓦纳语“Ja”的基本义和派生义,并对比分析汉语“吃”与博茨瓦纳语“Ja”基本义和派生义的共性和区别。 三、对汉语“吃+0”与博茨瓦纳语“Ja+O”的隐喻和转喻用法分进行对比分析,总结汉语“吃+0”与博茨瓦纳语“Ja+0”隐喻和转喻用法的共同点和不同点。 文章最后一章为结语,总结全文内容并指出文章存在的不足。
[Abstract]:Chinese "eat" and "Ja" are very common verbs in their respective languages. Chinese "eat" and "Ja" in Botswana with object are very complicated grammatical phenomena. This paper investigates and studies the basic meaning, derivative meaning, metaphor and metonymy of the verb-object structure made up of Chinese "eating" and "Ja" in Botswana. The main contents of this paper are as follows: first, in syntactic function, "eat" and "Ja" are predicates, which are the core of the sentence. The collocation functions of the two languages are analyzed, such as the combination of "eat" and nouns, adjectives and verbs. In the two languages, "eat" and noun collocation are higher, and "eat" and verb collocation are lower. Then it analyzes the selection mechanism of the subject when eating is the predicate. Which of these nominal elements can be used as subject and which can be used as object is determined by the subjective point of view chosen by the language user. Second, the basic meaning and derivative meaning of Chinese "eat 0" and Botswana language "Ja O". This paper describes the basic meaning and derivative meaning of "eat" in Chinese according to the dictionary classification, sums up the basic meaning and derivative meaning of "Ja" in Botswana, and compares and analyzes the commonness and difference between the basic meaning and derivative meaning of "eat" in Chinese and "Ja" in Botswana. Thirdly, a comparative analysis of metonymy and metonymy between "eat 0" and "Ja O" in Chinese and Botswana is made, and the similarities and differences between Chinese "eating 0" and "Ja 0" in metaphor and metonymy are summarized. The last chapter is the conclusion, which summarizes the content of the article and points out the shortcomings of the article.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H04
本文编号：2273684
[Abstract]:Chinese "eat" and "Ja" are very common verbs in their respective languages. Chinese "eat" and "Ja" in Botswana with object are very complicated grammatical phenomena. This paper investigates and studies the basic meaning, derivative meaning, metaphor and metonymy of the verb-object structure made up of Chinese "eating" and "Ja" in Botswana. The main contents of this paper are as follows: first, in syntactic function, "eat" and "Ja" are predicates, which are the core of the sentence. The collocation functions of the two languages are analyzed, such as the combination of "eat" and nouns, adjectives and verbs. In the two languages, "eat" and noun collocation are higher, and "eat" and verb collocation are lower. Then it analyzes the selection mechanism of the subject when eating is the predicate. Which of these nominal elements can be used as subject and which can be used as object is determined by the subjective point of view chosen by the language user. Second, the basic meaning and derivative meaning of Chinese "eat 0" and Botswana language "Ja O". This paper describes the basic meaning and derivative meaning of "eat" in Chinese according to the dictionary classification, sums up the basic meaning and derivative meaning of "Ja" in Botswana, and compares and analyzes the commonness and difference between the basic meaning and derivative meaning of "eat" in Chinese and "Ja" in Botswana. Thirdly, a comparative analysis of metonymy and metonymy between "eat 0" and "Ja O" in Chinese and Botswana is made, and the similarities and differences between Chinese "eating 0" and "Ja 0" in metaphor and metonymy are summarized. The last chapter is the conclusion, which summarizes the content of the article and points out the shortcomings of the article.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H04
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，本文编号：2273684
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