新疆高校中亚留学生群体语言使用及学习现状调查研究

发布时间：2018-12-15 12:12

【摘要】：本研究在参考国内外已有研究成果的基础上，以社会语言学中传统的研究方向—语言使用和语言态度作为研究领域，运用问卷调查法、观察法、因素分析法等社会语言学研究方法，以新疆高校中亚留学生群体为研究对象，调查该群体的语言使用和语言态度及学习现状，分析影响其语言态度的相关因素，以及语言态度对该群体汉语学习的影响，以此检验目前对外汉语教学的优劣得失。本研究由五个章节组成。第一章绪论，主要阐述本研究的缘起、研究思路和相关研究综述。第二章阐述新疆高校中亚留学生群体的概况。第三章、第四章对新疆高校中亚留学生的语言使用、语言态度及汉语学习现状进行问卷调查，分析影响其语言使用及汉语学习现状的相关因素。第五章结合本研究的调查结果，提出相应的对策和建议。研究结论：（1）在新疆高校中亚留学生群体中，，大多数成员都能够熟练掌握母语，母语能力变化很小，且对母语的认可度较高。（2）百分之九十以上的成员都能够熟练掌握俄语，对俄语的评价最高，并在使用频度上高于被试的母语。（3）学习动机方面，受到目标和重要他人因素影响而学习汉语的被试占有较大比重。（4）接近半数的被试选择毕业后从事商业或旅游业的翻译，但是调查所涉及的三所高校目前均未开设翻译课程，与中亚留学生群体的实际就业需求脱节。（5）该群体成员大多表现出对课程安排的不适应，认为专业课及自习课学习时间相对较长，自由支配时间不够，无法兼顾文化课的学习，约半数的被试由于时间较少等原因没有相对固定的中国语伴。从性别因素看，在俄语、汉语掌握及使用情况、课外汉语学习方式、学业成就观等问题上有明显差异。而在母语、汉语掌握程度、课外活动等方面差异不明显。从国别因素分析看，课内外的语言使用、汉字的使用态度以及参加课外学习活动和课外汉语学习方式等方面差异不明显。而在汉语学习经历、母语的使用、母语和俄语水平的比较以及对学业成就的评价等方面存在显著差异。针对全文对新疆高校中亚留学生群体研究的结果，本研究提出以下两点建议：（1）各高校根据实际情况，调整文化课授课时间，并适当加开翻译课程。（2）有针对性地开展促进中外学生交流的课外活动。
[Abstract]:Based on the existing research results at home and abroad, this study takes the traditional research direction of sociolinguistics-language use and language attitude as the research field. Factor analysis and other sociolinguistic research methods are used to investigate the language use, language attitude and learning status of the students from Central Asia in Xinjiang universities and colleges, and to analyze the relevant factors that affect their language attitude. And the influence of language attitude on the Chinese learning of this group, so as to test the advantages and disadvantages of the current teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. This study consists of five chapters. The first chapter introduces the origin of this study, research ideas and related research review. The second chapter expounds the general situation of the group of students studying in Central Asia in Xinjiang colleges and universities. The third chapter, the fourth chapter, carries on the questionnaire survey to the language use, the language attitude and the Chinese study present situation of the students in Central Asia of Xinjiang university, and analyzes the related factors which influence its language use and the present situation of the Chinese study. The fifth chapter combines the investigation result of this research, puts forward the corresponding countermeasure and suggestion. The conclusions are as follows: (1) in the group of students studying in Central Asia in Xinjiang universities, most of them can master their mother tongue skillfully, and the ability of native language has little change. (2) more than 90% members were able to master Russian skillfully, and the evaluation of Russian was the highest, and the frequency of using Russian was higher than that of the subjects' mother tongue. (3) Learning motivation. Influenced by goals and important other factors, Chinese learners accounted for a large proportion. (4) nearly half of the participants chose to translate into business or tourism after graduation. However, none of the three universities involved in the investigation has offered translation courses at present, which is out of touch with the actual employment needs of the students from Central Asia. (5) most of the members of this group are not adapted to the curriculum arrangement. It is considered that the study time of professional class and self-study class is relatively long, the discretionary time is not enough, and the study of culture course can not be taken into account. About half of the subjects have no relatively fixed Chinese language partners due to the lack of time. In terms of gender factors, there are significant differences in Russian, Chinese mastery and use, extracurricular Chinese learning style, academic achievement view and so on. However, there are no significant differences in mother tongue, Chinese proficiency, extracurricular activities and so on. From the analysis of country factors, there are no significant differences in language use in and out of class, attitude towards the use of Chinese characters, participation in extracurricular learning activities and ways of learning Chinese after class. There are significant differences in Chinese learning experience, the use of mother tongue, the comparison between native language and Russian, and the evaluation of academic achievement. Based on the results of the research on the group of students studying in Central Asia in Xinjiang universities, this study puts forward the following two suggestions: (1) according to the actual situation, colleges and universities should adjust the teaching time of cultural courses and appropriately open translation courses. (2) carrying out extracurricular activities to promote the exchange of Chinese and foreign students.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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