汉英重复范畴对比研究

发布时间：2017-08-29 14:28

本文关键词：汉英重复范畴对比研究

【摘要】：重复范畴在人们的认知中担当举足轻重的角色，而不同的民族则采用不同的语言形式来表达重复概念。以往关于重复范畴的研究多囿于对单个或几个重复范畴副词的句法、语义、语用描写，本文从词汇、语法两个角度系统发掘汉英中的重复范畴表现手段，并对它们进行句法、语义、语用或形态等特征进行综合研究。结果发现：一、重复范畴在语义上既可分为单次重复和多次重复，也可分为动作重复、状态重复和事件重复；在表现形式上可以分为词汇手段和语法手段，前者主要包括副词和动词，后者主要包括副词词组、重叠和派生词缀“re-”。汉语多用词汇手段来表达重复范畴，而英语多用语法手段来表达；汉语表达多次重复手段较多，而英语表达单次重复的手段多。二、汉语重复范畴副词在数量上比英语多，且在语义、句法、语用上比英语复杂得多。数量上，汉语共有12个，而英语则只有4个。语义上，汉语重复范畴副词除了表示重复外，还可以表示添加、频率、并存等，语义比较复杂，而英语重复范畴副词则没有如此复杂的意义。句法上，汉语重复范畴副词有相对固定的位置，对动词的选择有较多的限制，而英语重复范畴副词的位置则较为灵活，位于句首、句中甚至句末均可。语用上，汉语重复范畴副词具有各种时态意义，表达时制范畴。因此，在表达时制范畴时，汉语通常采用这些副词来表达，而英语则选择相应的语法时制来体现。此外，汉语的单次重复范畴副词会因语义指向的不明确导致句子歧义，而英语除了单次重复副词外，还有多次重复副词以及副词词组都会导致同样的现象。三、基于形态学视角，汉语和英语重复范畴动词的形态都归于“广义的形态”，不同之处在于汉语动词的形态变化主要体现在词与词的结合、词与词的关系上，而英语主要体现在动词自身的词形变化上，但有时也通过词与词的结合体现出来。四、汉英单次重复和多次重复在表达方式上的差异，决定了在翻译中我们需要选择不同的方法来解决。汉语单次重复范畴副词通常翻译为英语副词、动词和由前缀re-构成的新动词、以及副词词组；汉语单次重复范畴动词则往往翻译成英语中相对应的单次重复范畴动词。汉语多次重复副词通常翻译为英语多次重复副词或副词重叠，而多次重复范畴的动词重叠则通常翻译为相对应意义的英语动词。本研究具有一定的理论和实践意义。理论上，，此对比研究加深了对汉英重复范畴系统的认识，并扩展了对语言形态问题的理解。在实践中，对汉英重复范畴的教学、汉英互译及机器翻译具有一定的参考价值。
【关键词】：重复范畴 功能特征 对比研究 广义形态 翻译
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H04
【目录】：

Acknowledgements4-5
ABSTRACT5-7
摘要7-9
Table of Contents9-12
List of Figures12-13
List of Tables13-14
Chapter One INTRODUCTION14-18
1.1 Research Background14-15
1.2 Research Questions15
1.3 Purpose and Significance of the Present Study15-16
1.4 Organization of the Thesis16-17
1.5 Summary17-18
Chapter Two LITERATURE REVIEW18-25
2.1 Semantic Category18-19
2.2 Adverbs of repetition category19-23
2.3 Morphology in Broad Sense23-24
2.4 Summary24-25
Chapter Three SCOPE AND CLASSIFICATION OF REPETITION CATEGORY25-36
3.1 Definition of Repetition Category25-26
3.2 Expressing Forms of Repetitive Category26-32
3.2.1 Adverbs26-29
3.2.2 Verbs29-30
3.2.3 Adverbial phrases30-31
3.2.4 Reduplication31
3.2.5 Prefix re31-32
3.3 Classifications of Repetition Category32-35
3.3.1 Single-time repetition and multiple-time repetition32-33
3.3.2 Repetition of behavior, state and event33-34
3.3.3 Lexical methods and grammatical methods34-35
3.4 Summary35-36
Chapter Four EXPRESSING FORMS AND FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF REPETITION CATEGORY IN CHINESE36-99
4.1 Single-time Repetition36-76
4.1.1 Adverbs36-63
4.1.2 Verbs—chongfu, fushu(重复、复述)63-76
4.2 Multiple-time Repetition76-98
4.2.1 Adverbs77-94
4.2.2 Reduplication of Verbs94-97
4.2.3 Morphology of Chinese repetition verbs97-98
4.3 Summary98-99
Chapter Five EXPRESSING FORMS AND FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF REPETITION CATEGORY IN ENGLISH99-123
5.1 Single-time Repetition99-115
5.1.1 Adverbs99-104
5.1.2 Verbs104-109
5.1.3 Prefix re109-112
5.1.4 Adverbial phrases once more and once again112-115
5.2 Multiple-time Repetition115-122
5.2.1 Adverb—repeatedly116-119
5.2.2 Reduplication119-122
5.3 Summary122-123
Chapter Six CONTRAST ON REPETITION CATEGORY BETWEEN CHINESE AND ENGLISH123-146
6.1 Single-time repetition124-132
6.1.1 Amount of single-time repetition expressing forms124-125
6.1.2 Functions of single-time repetition expressing forms125-132
6.2 Multiple-time Repetition132-138
6.2.1 Amount of multiple-time repetition expressing forms132-133
6.2.2 Functions of multiple-time repetition expressing forms133-138
6.3 Application and Extension of MBS138-145
6.3.1 MBS from contrast on repetition category138-139
6.3.2 More evidence from other languages on repetition category139-145
6.4 Summary145-146
Chapter Seven APPLICATION OF THE CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS IN CHINESE-ENGLISH TRANSLATION146-162
7.1 Chinese-English Translation of Single-time Repetition146-155
7.1.1 Single-time repetition expressed in adverbs147-152
7.1.2 Single-time repetition expressed in verbs152-155
7.2 Chinese-English Translation of Multiple-time Repetition155-161
7.2.1 Multiple-time repetition expressed in adverbs156-160
7.2.2 Multiple-time repetition expressed in reduplications of verbs160-161
7.3 Summary161-162
Chapter Eight CONCLUSION162-166
8.1 Major Findings162-164
8.2 Practical Implications164-165
8.3 Limitations and Suggestions165-166
References166-172
Appendix: Abbreviations in the Thesis172