东汉末年文人交游活动与文学创作

发布时间：2018-01-06 00:24

本文关键词：东汉末年文人交游活动与文学创作　出处：《信阳师范学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：东汉末年,社会动荡,政治斗争激烈,经济文化在急剧变化中曲折发展。自汉和帝之后,宦官与外戚开始交替掌权,以致政局混乱,官吏选拔制度遭到破坏,文人入仕之路障碍重重。虽经学死守章句,渐为僵化,但部分帝王仍旧采取措施,鼓励学校教育,且大儒私人讲学风气兴起,文人游学增多,也使得学术氛围较为浓厚。而相对儒家文化日渐式微,道家文化则暗自滋长,文人的思想得到一定程度的解放,个体自我意识趋于觉醒。同时,豪族庄园经济腾飞,占据社会经济的主导地位。本时期内,文人便在诸多因素的综合作用下,参与进广泛的交游中。且随着时间的推移,交游活动也发生着相应的改变,被赋予了时代的印记。在轰轰烈烈的交际浪潮中,文人将交游中的种种体验诉诸文字,交游作品应运而生,形成所谓“交游文学”,文人交游也对该期文学的风格、主题、体裁以及文人的文学技能等方面产生了广泛而深远的影响。与此同时,该期文学创作对文人的交往活动也产生了相应的影响,其反作用力不容忽视。本文主要选取汉和帝永元元年至汉灵帝中平二年这一历史阶段,通过对相关历史材料和文学作品的梳理、考证、分析,探究了东汉末年的文人交游活动及其与文学创作的双向互动关系。论文第二、三、四章为内容的核心部分。第二章主要考察东汉末年文人的交游活动及其历史演变。以汉末文人交游的性质、内容、方式为依据,该时期文人的交游活动可大致划分为尚趣之交和慕利之交、政治交游和学术交游、直接交游与间接交游。而就其演变来看,可以顺桓之际为分界点分作前后两期,前期包括和帝至顺帝时代,后期包括桓帝至灵帝时代。最后由政治环境、经济基础、思想文化、学术氛围四方面入手,全面剖析东汉末年文人交游活动的演变原因。第三章主要论述东汉末年文人交游活动对于文学创作的影响。本章主要从文学风格、文学主题、文学体裁、文学技能四大方面进行论述。首先,汉末文人的交游活动促使该期文学形成了慷慨激切、真切自然的文风。其次,汉末文人的交游活动拓展了该期文学的内容和主题,批判反思社会现实和相关思念离别的题材出现并增多。再次,汉末文人的交游活动丰富了该期的文学体裁,书信体和碑文体文学呈现出繁荣局面。最后,汉末文人的交游活动提高了该期文人的文学技能,尤其突出地表现在创作技巧上,文人自觉追求语句的骈俪化和引用经典的多样化,这成为文人文学技能提升的典型特征。第四章主要探讨了东汉末年的文学创作对于该期文人的交游活动的影响。本章主要论述了三个方面的内容:一是东汉末年的文学真实地记录了文人的交游活动,二是东汉末年文人的文学活动,尤其是交游文学创作,有力地促进了文人交游思想的传播与转变,三是东汉末年文人交游活动的文学化态势。
[Abstract]:The Eastern Han Dynasty, social unrest, political struggles, economic and cultural development in the rapidly changing twists and turns. Since Han Emperor, eunuchs and relatives began to alternate in power, so that the political chaos, official selection system was damaged, the literati of the road obstacles. Although the sticking chapter sentence, is gradually rigid, but still part of the emperor take measures to encourage school education, and the rise of Confucian private teaching atmosphere, but also makes more scholars study tour, the academic atmosphere is relatively strong. While the relative decline of Confucian culture, Taoist culture, literati thought secretly grow, to a certain degree of liberation of individual consciousness to awakening. At the same time, Haozu manor economy, dominant the status of social economy. In this period, scholars in the integrated effect of many factors, in the large circle of friends. And with the passage of time, social activities has also undergone a corresponding change, Endowed with the imprint of the times. In the tide of communication with vigour and vitality, will experience all kinds of friends in literary words, his works came into being, which is called the "Friends of literature", also on the stage of the literati social literary style, theme, genre and literati's literary skills and has a far-reaching influence and so on. At the same time, also had a corresponding impact on the literary creation activities of literati, the reaction force can not be ignored. This paper selected the Han Emperor Yongyuan year to Han Lingdi in two years in this historical stage, based on the related historical materials and literature review, research, analysis, explores the Eastern Han dynasty literati social activities two-way interaction and its relationship with literary creation. In the second, third chapter, the four part is the core content. The second chapter mainly discusses the social activities and the history of the Eastern Han dynasty literati play In the late Han Dynasty. The literati social nature, content, way as the basis, the literati making activities can be roughly divided into the turn and Mu's still fun, political friends and academic intercourse, direct and indirect communication and friendship. The evolution of the occasion can shun Huan is divided as before two, including the emperor Emperor Shun to early and late times, including Huandi to Lingdi times. By the end of the political environment, economic foundation, ideology and culture, four aspects of academic atmosphere, a comprehensive analysis of causes of the Eastern Han dynasty literati social activities. The third chapter mainly discusses the evolution of the Eastern Han dynasty literati social impact on the literary creation. Chapter from the literary style, the theme of literature, literary genre, literary skills in four major aspects. Firstly, social activities at the end of the Han dynasty literati prompted the period of literature has formed real natural style generous freely. Secondly, the late Han Dynasty The social activities to expand the content and theme of the literature, critical reflection on the social reality and the related thoughts appear and increase. The parting of the subject again, making activities at the end of the Han dynasty literati enriches the period of literary genre, epistolary style and the style of literary monument prosperity. Finally, social activities at the end of the Chinese literati to improve the scholar's literary skills, especially prominent writing skills, conscious pursuit of literati sentence parallelism and use the classic diversification, which has become the typical characteristics of literati literature skills. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the influence of the Eastern Han Dynasty literature for the scholar making activities. This chapter mainly discusses three aspects: one is the Eastern Han Dynasty literature records of literati making activities, the two is the Eastern Han dynasty literati literary activities, especially in his literary creation, which have effectively promoted In the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the three is the literary trend of the people's travel activities in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

【学位授予单位】：信阳师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I206.2

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