论吴中四才子的古学追求

发布时间：2018-02-27 17:10

本文关键词： 明中叶四才子古学古文辞　出处：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：明代科举繁盛推动了社会文化的整体复苏,也造成了士人新的人生障碍和精神困境。成化、弘治年间,吴中地区作为一经济和文化均昌盛的地域,孕育了以吴中四才子为代表的一批出色的文士,他们既秉承了“学而优则仕”的传统,却又展现了新的人文向度,在书画诗文都有突出表现。其文学思想拔俗于科场的陋谈成见,在复古的同时又能出新,在通脱之中寻求平衡。本论文主要由以下几个部分构成:第一章:考察在科举盛行的时代,吴中四才子面对科场困境做出的反应和选择。他们对明代儒学真义的丧失和科举制度埋没人才作出深刻的思考和尖锐的批判。因此,四才子呼唤“为己之学”,要求“真才实学”、“务为有用”。第二章:论述四才子在复兴“古文辞”方面的探索与努力。四才子自觉在程朱理学和时文外寻找文化资源,提倡“古学”,倡导“古文辞”,以古文来对抗时文。第三章:论述四才子的诗歌观。他们在诗学方面侧重点不尽相同,但都表现出对于优秀的古典文化的自觉继承,表达自我的抒情主题。
[Abstract]:The prosperity of imperial examinations in the Ming Dynasty promoted the overall recovery of social culture, and also caused the scholars new obstacles in life and spiritual predicaments. During the period of Hongzhi, Wuzhong region was a region of economic and cultural prosperity. They gave birth to a group of outstanding scholars, represented by the four talented people in Wuzhong. They not only inherited the tradition of "learning and doing best as officials", but also showed a new humanistic dimension. There are outstanding expressions in calligraphy, painting, poetry and prose. His literary ideas, which are rooted in vulgarity and prejudice in the field of science, can be restored to ancient times and new at the same time. This thesis is composed of the following parts: chapter one: investigation in the age of imperial examination. The reaction and choice made by the four talented students in Wuzhong in the face of the dilemma of science field. They made profound thinking and sharp criticism on the loss of the true meaning of Confucianism in the Ming Dynasty and the absence of talents in the imperial examination system. The four talented students call for "learning for themselves", ask for "real learning" and "service is useful". Chapter two: discusses the exploration and efforts of the four talented people in reviving the ancient prose. The four talented people consciously seek cultural resources outside the Neo-Confucianism of Cheng and Zhu, and beyond the present and the text. Advocating "ancient studies", advocating "ancient prose", and using ancient prose to confront contemporary prose. Chapter three: expounding the poetry view of the four talented people. They have different emphases in poetics, but they all show the conscious inheritance of excellent classical culture. The lyrical theme of expressing oneself.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I206.2

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