三家《诗》本事研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 05:06

本文选题：三家《诗》　切入点：本事　出处：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：三家《诗》是汉代经学的重要组成部分,同《毛诗》一样,齐、鲁、韩三家也对《诗》进行了本事探讨。《诗》本事是一种文本解读方法,即探讨《诗经》中作品创作的背景和缘起。本文绪论部分以先秦典籍中的《诗》本事为引,正文分为三部分:第一部分系统梳理存世文献中的三家《诗》本事,得出的结论为三家本事有异的诗歌占极少数,另外三家《诗》与《毛诗》本事相同者多于不同者。对上述文献考略后可得出三家《诗》本事特点:一是国风的创作者和创作背景大多不详,所以汉儒多针对国风的本事进行发挥;二是雅诗中多数诗篇本身就包含有本事,有内证支持;三是颂诗由于其为官方祭祀诗的特殊性,其本事基本无异词。第二部分深入分析三家《诗》本事异同及与《毛序》异同之原因。齐、鲁、韩三家本事相同的原因,首先是由于汉儒共同祖述一个源头,前代存世的资料如史书中的记载直接被三家引用,另有现已失传的一些前代诗说被三家共同征引;其次汉儒解《诗》都注重经世致用,故选取本事的标准一致。而三家本事存在异词的原因则是由于汉儒引用了汉以前不同的资料,或是根据己意对同一资料分别进行了引申和阐发,抑或是汉儒为了宣传诗教杜撰或另创新说。至于三家所言本事与《毛序》相同的原因,一是本事明确的诗篇古来均无异义,二是四家引用同一源头,另外三家《诗》应同《毛诗》一样有《诗序》,且《诗序》“同出一原”;而由于今文经学和古文经学注重不同的学术精神,《毛序》有意以时代兴衰来划分《诗》,所以在谈及《诗》本事时,三家《诗》说有时与毛说也存在差异。第三部分粗略讨论三家以本事说《诗》的经学动因,首先是承续了先秦思想家“以事明义”之传统,其次是为了保证诠释的权威性,此外与《诗》本身包含记事、言事和感事的功能有关。而从文学的角度来看,以本事说《诗》既能补充《诗》叙事之不足,也能丰富诗歌意境之形成,同时扩大了诗篇在后世的影响。
[Abstract]:The three Poems are an important part of the Confucian Classics in the Han Dynasty. Like the Mao Poems, Qi, Lu and Han also discussed the works of Poems.That is to explore the background and origin of the creation of works in the Book of songs.The introduction part of this paper is based on the "poem" skill in the books of the Pre-Qin Dynasty, and the text is divided into three parts: the first part systematically combs the three "poetic" abilities in the literature of the world, and draws the conclusion that the poetry with different abilities is a very small number.The other three "poetry" and "Mao poetry" the same ability more than different.After a brief examination of the above documents, we can draw three characteristics of poetry: first, the creators and the background of the national style are mostly unknown, so the Han Confucians give full play to the abilities of the state style; the second is that most of the poems in the elegant poems contain the ability to do so.Thirdly, there are no different words because of its particularity of official sacrifice poems.The second part deeply analyzes the similarities and differences between the three schools and the reasons for their similarities and differences.The reason why Qi, Lu and Han have the same abilities is first because the common ancestor of Han Confucianism stated a source, the materials of the previous generation such as the historical books were directly cited by the three schools, and some of the former poems that had been lost were cited jointly by the three schools.Secondly, the Han Confucian interpretation of poetry all pay attention to the practical use, so the standard of selecting the ability is the same.The reason why there are different words in the three schools is because the Han Confucianism used different materials before the Han Dynasty, or separately extended and elucidated the same information according to his own intention, or the Han Confucianism made up or created another theory in order to propagandize poetry and teach poetry.As for the reasons why the three schools have the same abilities as the "Mao sequence", one is that there is no different meaning from ancient times in the poems with clear skills, and the other is that the four schools cite the same source.The other three "poetry" should have "poem preface" as "Mao poem", and "one original" with "poem preface";However, due to the fact that modern classics and ancient classics pay attention to different academic spirits, Mao preface intends to divide poetry according to the rise and fall of the times, so when it comes to the skill of poetry, there are also differences between the three theories of poetry and Mao's theory.In the third part, the author discusses roughly the reasons for the three schools to say "poetry" by their abilities. Firstly, it inherits the tradition of the thinkers in the pre-Qin period, and secondly, it aims to ensure the authority of interpretation, in addition, it contains chronicles with the poem itself.Words are related to the function of feeling things.From the point of view of literature, saying "poem" with ability can not only supplement the deficiency of "poem" narration, but also enrich the formation of poetic artistic conception, and at the same time expand the influence of poetry in later generations.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.22

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