紫色母岩复合聚合硫酸铁去除景观水体氮磷研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 20:58

本文选题：紫色母岩　切入点：聚合硫酸铁　出处：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的发展以及人们生活水平的提高,供人类娱乐及美化居住环境的景观水体越来越多。然而,由于大部分景观水体属于封闭或半封闭排水系统,农业污染废水、渔业污水、生活污水以及大气污染降水等污染源流入其中后易造成景观水体富营养化,甚至出现发“绿”、发“臭”等不良现象,严重影响周边居民的生活及城市环境。因此,研发行之有效的景观水体处理技术已成为目前急需解决的问题。众多研究表明,城市景观水体富营养化的根本原因是由于氮磷营养盐含量超标。因此,削减水体中氮磷含量是景观水体富营养化治理的重点,尤其是作为水体富营养化控制性因素的磷元素。目前,景观水体治理最常用的方法是吸附法和絮凝法,而吸附剂及絮凝剂的选择对去除效果具有重大影响。传统吸附剂钢渣、粉煤灰、沸石等具有来源广、价格低的优点,但对景观水体的治理效果较差。对传统吸附剂进行改性可显著提高其对景观水体的净化效果,但改性具有成本高,易造成二次污染的缺点。因此,研究高效、廉价、环境友好型吸附剂已成为景观水体处理的重要工作。紫色母岩是广泛分布于西南地区的一种沉积岩,其矿物成分比砾石复杂,含有较多的黏粒矿物,能够吸附水体中的磷素。本课题组已有研究表明利用紫色母岩作为基质或覆盖材料均可有效治理景观水体氮磷污染。作为一种无机高效絮凝剂,聚合硫酸铁(PFS)具有絮凝速度快、絮凝效果好等优点。本课题组通过预实验发现将紫色母岩与PFS复合使用,可有效去除景观水体总氮(TN)及总磷(TP)。因而,本研究选择PFS作为絮凝剂,西南地区典型的4种紫色母岩作为吸附剂,研究PFS与不同种类紫色母岩复合对西南大学崇德湖景观水体TN及TP的去除效果,并深入探讨其去除机理,为景观水体的治理提供一种高效低成本的方法。获得主要结果如下:(1)在相同实验条件(反应体系:1L。搅拌参数:380r·min-1下搅拌2min;100r·min-1下搅拌10min;静置时间3h)下比较4种紫色母岩(J3p、J2s、T1f、J3s)、PFS单独处理以及4种紫色母岩(J3p、J2s、T1f、J3s)分别和PFS复合处理对景观水体TN及TP的去除效果。结果表明,PFS对水体TN、TP的去除率分别为15.11%、62.83%;4种紫色母岩中J3p对TN、TP的吸附效果最好,对水体TN、TP的吸附率分别为42.56%、20.35%;4种复合处理剂中J3p+PFS复合处理剂对TN、TP的去除效果最好,对TN、TP的去除率分别为50.84%、81.41%。复合处理剂对水体TN、TP的去除效果均比单一处理剂好,说明复合使用时,PFS发挥了可高效去除TP的优点,而紫色母岩发挥了可高效去除TN的优点,因此复合使用可高效去除水体中的TN、TP。为最终能够确定一种优化处理方法,选择J3p+PFS最优复合处理剂进行下一步的条件优化实验。(2)复合处理剂去除景观水体TN、TP的影响因素研究表明,J3p+PFS复合处理剂的最优投加量、最优处理温度以及最优初始水样pH值分别为J3p 6 g·L-1、PFS30mg·L-1,30℃,9。通过优化实验条件,可以提高J3p+PFS复合处理剂对水体TN、TP的去除效果。在最优条件下,J3p+PFS复合处理剂对水体TN、TP的去除率最高,分别为54.10%、86.48%,表明J3p+PFS复合处理剂是一种新型复合处理剂,可应用于景观微污染水体的治理。(3)优化复合处理剂对景观水体TN、TP去除研究表明:处理后景观水体Zeta电位显著上升,但仍小于0;叶绿素a含量显著下降;水体微生物的种类及含量均显著下降;X-射线衍射分析发现处理景观水体时,J3p+PFS复合处理剂与水体中的污染物质发生反应,其内部的方解石(CaC03)以及赤铁矿(Fe203)被活化,移动到絮体表面;红外光谱分析得出J3p+PFS复合处理剂去除水体TN、TP时,起主要作用的是-OH、-C=C、Fe-OH-Fe以及Fe-O基团和离子吸附作用;电镜扫描及能谱分析发现J3p+PFS复合处理剂与景观水体中污染物质反应形成的絮体表面更加紧实,大部分金属元素含量下降,且出现P元素的能谱峰。综合分析可知,J3p+PFS复合处理剂在去除水体TN、TP过程中既发挥了 PFS的絮凝作用,又发挥了 J3p的吸附作用及改变水体微生物群落结构的作用,絮凝机理主要是电性中和作用,吸附机理主要是物理化学吸附作用。其中,J3p+PFS复合处理剂通过物理吸附作用降低水体微生物及叶绿素a的含量,从而降低水体TN含量;J3p+PFS复合处理剂通过物理及化学作用吸附水体中的磷素,从而降低水体TP含量。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standards, for human entertainment and beautify the living environment of the landscape water more and more. However, because most of the landscape water belongs to the closed or semi closed drainage system, agricultural wastewater pollution, fishery sewage, causing eutrophication to sewage and air pollution and other pollution sources into the precipitation even after the "green", "Stinky" and other undesirable phenomena, life and city environment surrounding residents seriously affected. Therefore, landscape water treatment technology of effective research and development has become an urgent problem to solve. Many studies show that the root cause of city landscape eutrophication due to nutrient nitrogen content exceed the standard phosphorus. Therefore, reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus is the key content of landscape water eutrophication, especially as Eutrophication Controlling Factors of phosphorus. At present, methods of landscape water treatment is the most commonly used method of adsorption and flocculation, adsorption agent and flocculant choice has great effect on removal. The traditional adsorbent slag, fly ash, zeolite has wide source, low price advantage, but the poor governance effect of landscape water. The traditional adsorbent the modification can significantly improve the purification effect of landscape water, but modified with high cost, easy to cause two pollution shortcomings. Therefore, research on efficient, cheap, environmentally friendly adsorbent has become an important work for water treatment. The landscape purplish rock is widely distributed in a sedimentary rock in Southwest China the mineral composition, than gravel complex, clay minerals contain more, can adsorb phosphorus in water. The research group has been shown by the purple rock as substrate or cover material can be effective treatment of landscape water body nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. As a kind of inorganic flocculant, polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS) has the advantages of fast flocculation, the flocculation effect is good. The research group will be found through pre experiment of purple parent rocks and PFS compound, can effectively remove the total nitrogen and total phosphorus of landscape water (TN) (TP). Therefore, this study selected PFS as flocculant southwest, 4 typical purple rocks as adsorbent of PFS and different kinds of purple rock compound of Southwestern University Lake TN Zonta and TP removal effect, and the study of its removal mechanism, provides a method of high efficiency and low cost for landscape water treatment. The main results are as follows: (1) in the same experimental conditions (reaction system: 1L. 380r min-1 mixing parameters: 2min 100r - min-1 under stirring; mixing 10min; static time 3H) under 4 kinds of purple parent rocks (J3p, J2s, T1f, J3s), PFS alone treatment and 4 kinds of purple parent rocks (J3p, J2s, T1f, J3s) Respectively and PFS combined treatment of landscape water TN and TP removal effect. The results showed that PFS on TN 62.83%, the removal rate of TP were 15.11%, 4; the purple parent rocks of J3p TN, the best adsorption effect of TP on TN, TP, the adsorption rates were 42.56%, 20.35% and 4; a composite treatment agent J3p+PFS composite treatment agent of TN, the best, the removal rate of TP to TN, the removal rate of TP was 50.84%, 81.41%. composite treatment agent on TN, the TP removal effect than single agent treatment, indicating that the composite is used, PFS has the advantages of high removal rates of TP. The purple parent rocks has the advantages of high removal rates of TN, so the use of compound can effectively remove TN in water, TP. for the final to determine an optimal method, the next step of the optimization experiment of J3p+PFS optimal composite treatment agent. (2) composite treatment agent to remove the landscape water TN, TP because of influence Study shows that the optimal J3p+PFS composite treatment agent dosage, the optimal treatment temperature and the optimal initial pH value of water was J3p 6 g, L-1, PFS30mg, L-1,30 C, 9. by optimizing the experimental conditions, J3p+PFS can improve the composite treatment agent on the water TN, the removal efficiency of TP. Under optimal conditions, J3p+PFS composite treatment agent of water TN, the highest removal rate of TP was 54.10%, respectively, 86.48%, showed that the J3p+PFS composite treatment agent is a new type of composite treatment agent, treatment can be applied to the landscape of micro polluted water. (3) the optimization of landscape water treatment agent TN, TP results show that the removal treatment of landscape water Zeta the potential increased significantly, but still less than 0; the content of chlorophyll a decreased significantly; the type and content of microorganisms were significantly decreased; X- ray diffraction analysis showed that the landscape water treatment, J3p+PFS composite treatment agent and water pollution substances react, the The calcite (CaC03) and hematite (Fe203) is activated, moving to the floc surface; infrared spectrum analysis of J3p+PFS composite treatment agent for removing water TN, TP, played a major role in the -OH, -C=C, Fe-OH-Fe and Fe-O groups and ion adsorption; scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis showed that the flocs the surface of J3p+PFS composite treatment agent and pollutants in landscape water formed by the reaction of firm, declined most of the content of metal elements, and elements of the P energy spectrum. The comprehensive analysis shows that the J3p+PFS composite treatment agent in the removal of TN, TP in the process of flocculation both play a role for PFS, but also played the role of J3p adsorption and the changes of the aquatic microbial community structure, flocculation mechanism is mainly charge neutralization, adsorption mechanism is mainly physical and chemical adsorption. Among them, the reduced water microbial J3p+PFS composite treatment agent through physical adsorption The content of chlorophyll a decreased the content of TN in water. J3p+PFS composite treatment agent adsorbed phosphorus in water by physical and chemical action, thereby reducing TP content in water.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X52

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