广西黑叶猴（Trachypithecus francoisi）生境质量评价体系构建及生境质量评价

发布时间：2018-04-09 21:28

本文选题：黑叶猴　切入点：广西　出处：《广西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：黑叶猴是栖息于喀斯特石山地形特有的珍稀灵长类动物,石山环境为其完成生存和物种繁衍等生命过程提供了条件。近些年,由于森林砍伐、放牧、公路建设等使黑叶猴栖息地面积逐渐缩小,生境质量明显下降,种群下降相当快,所以针对黑叶猴生境质量的研究则更为重要。本文旨在通过多角度、多方面分析物种栖息地质量,在此基础上提出科学的保护管理方案,为黑叶猴的保护和管理提供科学依据,以帮助人们更好的对黑叶猴进行保护。研究区域包括广西壮族自治区的隆安群圩片黑叶猴分布区、隆安布也片黑叶猴分布区、大新恩城片黑叶猴分布区、靖西新兴片黑叶猴保护区、靖西岳圩片黑叶猴分布区、德保念德片黑叶猴分布区、隆林大哄豹黑叶猴分布区、龙州弄岗片黑叶猴分布区、扶绥中华片黑叶猴分布区。主要研究结果如下：1.参考大量文献资料,选取出16个黑叶猴生境质量评价的主要影响因子,包括：森林斑块面积破碎化指数、石山林地斑块平均面积、石山生境面积、景观蔓延度指数、物种多样性、物种均匀度、物种丰富度、基面积、人为干扰距离、山体开发、人均收入、人口密度、受教育程度、能源消费结构、机构设置与人员配置、科学研究与资源调查。2.对单个的评价因子进行了适宜性评价,得出了黑叶猴生境影响因子评价指标体系,为其生境评价奠定了基础。3.将此评价体系应用到广西境内9个黑叶猴分布区,得到了这9个生境的具体评价得分,分别为：隆安群圩得分为38.125分是广西黑叶猴的不太适宜生境,隆安布也得分为28.750分是广西黑叶猴的不太适宜生境,大新恩城得分为66.250分是广西黑叶猴的适宜生境,靖西新兴得分为26.875分是广西黑叶猴的不太适宜生境,靖西岳圩得分为62.500分是广西黑叶猴的适宜生境,德保念德得分为41.875分是广西黑叶猴的次适宜生境,隆林大哄豹得分为60.625分是广西黑叶猴的适宜生境,扶绥中华得分为58.750分是广西黑叶猴的适宜生境,龙州弄岗得分为92.500分是广西黑叶猴的最适宜生境。4.生境质量得分较高的地区,受人类活动干扰少,生境中乔木数量、密度、树高和胸径都比较大；生境质量得分较低的地区,人类活动的负面影响尤为严重,植被破坏比较严重,生境中乔木所占比例低,灌木和藤本所占比例更高。5.基于生境质量评价结果与黑叶猴种群数量的分析可以发现,黑叶猴是否出现在特定生境中以及其种群数量的多少,都与黑叶猴生境质量的高低息息相关。高质量的生境能容纳的黑叶猴种群数量更多,且能促进黑叶猴种群的发展与繁衍；反之,当生境质量过低时,黑叶猴的生存与繁衍得不到满足,会造成黑叶猴种群数量的下降甚至消失。
[Abstract]:Black leaf monkey is a rare primate that inhabits the karst rock mountain. The environment of the mountain provides the conditions for its survival and species reproduction.In recent years, because of deforestation, grazing and highway construction, the habitat area of black leaf monkey has been gradually reduced, the habitat quality has decreased obviously, and the population has declined quite quickly, so it is more important to study the habitat quality of black leaf monkey.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the habitat quality of species from many angles and aspects, and put forward a scientific conservation and management scheme to provide scientific basis for the protection and management of black leaf monkey, so as to help people to better protect the black leaf monkey.The study areas include the distribution area of the black leaf monkey in the fair of Longan Qun in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, the distribution area of the black leaf monkey in the slice of long'an Buyi, the distribution area of the black leaf monkey in Daxinencheng, the protection area of the emerging black leaf monkey in Jingxi, and the distribution area of the black leaf monkey in Yuexu in Jingxi.The distribution area of black leaf monkey in de Baonende, Daura panther in Longlin, the black leaf monkey in Nonggang in Longzhou, and the black leaf monkey in Fusui.The main results are as follows: 1.With reference to a large number of literatures, 16 main influencing factors of habitat quality assessment of black leaf monkey were selected, including: fragmentation index of forest patch area, average area of forest patch in Shishan, habitat area of Shishan mountain, landscape sprawl index.Species diversity, species evenness, species richness, base area, artificial disturbance distance, mountain development, per capita income, population density, education level, energy consumption structure, institutional setup and staffing, scientific research and resource survey.The suitability evaluation of a single evaluation factor was carried out, and the evaluation index system of habitat impact factors of black leaf monkey was obtained, which laid a foundation for the habitat evaluation of black leaf monkey.The evaluation system was applied to 9 distribution areas of black leaf monkey in Guangxi, and the specific evaluation scores of 9 habitats were obtained. The score of Longan Qun Wei was 38.125, which was not suitable for Guangxi black leaf monkey.Longanbu's score of 28.750 is not suitable for Guangxi black leaf monkey, Daxin Encheng's 66.250 is Guangxi black leaf monkey's suitable habitat, Jingxi's emerging score is 26.875 is Guangxi's black leaf monkey's unsuitable habitat.A score of 62.500 points in Yuexu of Jingxi is the suitable habitat for the black leaf monkey in Guangxi, a score of 41.875 is the secondary habitat of the black leaf monkey in Guangxi, and a score of 60.625 is the suitable habitat for the black leaf monkey in Guangxi.The Chinese score of Fusui is 58.750 and the score of Longzhou Nonggang is 92.500, which is the most suitable habitat of the black leaf monkey in Guangxi.The areas with higher habitat quality scores are less disturbed by human activities, and the number, density, height and diameter of trees in habitats are relatively large, and the negative effects of human activities are especially serious and vegetation destruction is more serious in areas with lower habitat quality scores.In habitat, the proportion of trees is low, the proportion of shrubs and vines is higher.Based on the results of habitat quality assessment and the analysis of the population quantity of the black leaf monkey, it can be found that whether the black leaf monkey appears in a particular habitat and the number of its population is closely related to the habitat quality of the black leaf monkey.The high quality habitat can accommodate more black leaf monkey populations and promote the development and reproduction of the black leaf monkey population; conversely, when the habitat quality is too low, the survival and reproduction of the black leaf monkey cannot be satisfied.Will cause the black leaf monkey population to decline or even disappear.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：Q958

【参考文献】