适应人口老龄化的住区户外空间设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 22:47

本文选题：老年人 + 人口老龄化　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：21世纪,全球人口正在加速老化。在许多发达国家,65岁以上的人口几乎占到总人口的五分之一,我国自从上个世纪90年代末期正式进入老龄化社会以来,老龄化社会的进程在不断加剧,这一人口结构的实质性改变所衍生的系列问题,需要全社会给予高度关注。伴随着年龄的不断增长,老年人在视觉、听觉、平衡能力、协调能力以及记忆力等方面正在发生着不可逆转的变化。由于居家养老是目前最适合我国国情的养老模式,住区户外空间就成了大多数老年人居家生活的外延,其设计依据必须重新考虑到这一变化的存在,提高设计及建造标准,创造出能够兼顾老年人使用的户外空间,从而满足各个年龄段的人的需求,提高住区户外空间使用率,促进老年人群与其他人群的交往和娱乐,为其居家养老提供更安全舒适的物质环境。因此,笔者在本文中将关注的重点放在了与老年人居家养老生活最为密切的住区户外空间的设计与营造中,以老龄化社会为背景,旨在研究住区户外空间如何适应人口老龄化的课题。文章首先从基础理论的研究出发,了解老年人的身体尺度变化以及行为与户外空间的关系,并对老年人群体进行分类,研究其所特有的心理、生理、行为特征及需求,通过实地调研了解住区户外空间现状及老年人使用情况,分析住区环境针对老年人设计中缺失的部分,掌握老年人对户外空间的真实需求,把老龄化背景下的住区户外空间的设计要点概括为功能空间、空间层次和景观元素三个方面并一一阐述,在此基础上进一步探讨了适应人口老龄化的住区户外空间营造方法,并以此为指导来模拟实践,以期对老龄化背景下的住区空间规划设计和建设起到一定的参考和借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:In the 21 st century, the global population is accelerating aging.In many developed countries, the population over 65 years old accounts for almost 1/5 of the total population. Since China formally entered an aging society in the late 1990s, the process of aging society has been intensified.The series of problems arising from this substantial change in population structure need the attention of the whole society.With the increasing age, the elderly are experiencing irreversible changes in vision, hearing, balance, coordination and memory.As the home pension is the most suitable mode for the aged in our country at present, the outdoor space in residential area has become the extension of most old people living at home. The design basis must take into account the existence of this change and improve the standard of design and construction.Creating outdoor spaces that take into account the use of older persons, thereby meeting the needs of people of all ages, increasing the rate of use of outdoor space in residential areas, and promoting the interaction and recreation of older persons with other groups of people,Provide a more secure and comfortable material environment for the aged at home.Therefore, in this paper, the author focuses on the design and construction of the outdoor space in the residential area, which is the closest place for the elderly to live for the aged, taking the aging society as the background.The purpose of this paper is to study how to adapt the outdoor space to the aging population.Based on the research of basic theory, the paper first understands the changes of body scale and the relationship between behavior and outdoor space, and classifies the group of elderly people, and studies its special psychological, physiological, behavioral characteristics and needs.Through field investigation to understand the current situation of outdoor space and the use of the elderly in residential areas, analyze the missing parts in the design of residential environment for the elderly, and grasp the real needs of the elderly for outdoor space.The design points of outdoor space in residential area under the background of aging are summarized as three aspects: function space, spatial level and landscape element. On this basis, the construction method of outdoor space in residential area adapting to the aging of population is further discussed.With this as a guide to simulate the practice, in order to the aging background of residential space planning and construction to play a certain reference and reference role.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.12

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