岭南地区郊野公园游客活动区植物遮荫效果研究

发布时间：2018-10-09 10:46

【摘要】：随着城市建设的逐步发展,地球日益变暖,太阳辐射对人们的生活影响越来越强烈。在建筑设计中,遮阳常常作为人们用来抵御太阳辐射的主要手段,在欧美发达国家,建筑师们也广泛关注建筑中的遮阳设计问题。而在景观设计中,景观设计师对于景观设计领域里的植物遮荫设计研究相比起建筑领域里的遮阳研究显得较少一些。植物遮荫在景观设计中不仅仅可以起到阻挡部分太阳辐射,降低大气温度的作用,还可以改善景观微气候,创造适宜的景观等。通过笔者在岭南地区郊野公园游客活动区调研发现实测气温比气象站公布的更为恶劣,更需要考虑植物遮荫的设计。本文结合实测调研与ENVI-met软件模拟来探索岭南地区郊野公园游客活动区植物遮荫效果。首先,本文从岭南地区地理和气候条件分析,对岭南地区郊野公园游客活动区植物遮荫效果的相关研究范畴如岭南地区郊野公园景观设计、植物遮荫效果评价指标、室外热环境和热舒适研究方法进行分析与综述。接着,对岭南地区郊野公园代表案例的游客活动区进行实测调研与数据分析。根据调研及数据整理,分析现状总结出需要考虑遮荫设计的场地,包括游客活动中心、入口区、管理处和烧烤场等,以其为论文主要的研究对象。结合实测调研数据,分析岭南地区郊野公园中的遮荫降温效果,统计岭南地区郊野公园常见的绿化遮荫乔木。然后,选取岭南地区郊野公园中常见的绿化遮荫乔木,结合犀牛软件和grassshoper插件,以不同的树冠形态、冠幅大小、叶子面积进行参数化建模实验。分析在不同叶面积指数下的太阳辐射透射比,探究乔木在良好遮荫效果下需要达到的叶面积指数要求,并提出岭南地区郊野公园中乔木遮荫选种的建议。最后,在理论基础与实测调研的分析上,结合实践案例对岭南地区郊野公园游客活动区进行实测与模拟实验,分析其遮荫效果。再拓展到一个风景区规划设计的实践项目中,运用ENVI-met模拟软件,对游客活动较多的入口区建立场地模型得出相关数据,分析该场地建成后的遮荫情况。本文作为国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(No:50908087)“亚热带地区郊野公园规划设计的地域性研究——以珠江三角洲地区为例”课题的一部分,旨在探索岭南地区郊野公园游客活动区植物遮荫效果,从而对郊野公园遮阳系统的研究与设计有指引和参考作用。
[Abstract]:With the development of urban construction, the earth is getting warmer, and the influence of solar radiation on people's life is becoming more and more intense. In the architectural design, sunshade is often used as the main means to resist solar radiation. In the developed countries of Europe and America, architects also pay more attention to the design of sunshade. But in the landscape design, the landscape architect to the landscape design domain plant shading design research compared with the architectural field shade research appears to be a little less. Plant shading can not only block some solar radiation and reduce atmospheric temperature in landscape design, but also improve landscape microclimate and create suitable landscape. Through the investigation of the tourist activity area in Lingnan country Park, it is found that the measured temperature is worse than that announced by the weather station, and the design of plant shade should be taken into account. In this paper, the effect of plant shading in the tourist activity area of Lingnan country Park was explored by combining the actual survey and ENVI-met software simulation. Firstly, based on the analysis of the geographical and climatic conditions in Lingnan region, this paper studies the effects of plant shading in the tourist area of Lingnan country park, such as landscape design, evaluation index of plant shading effect in Lingnan country park. The research methods of outdoor thermal environment and thermal comfort are analyzed and summarized. Then, the field survey and data analysis on the tourist activity area of country park representative case in Lingnan area are carried out. According to the investigation and data collation, the present situation is summarized which need to consider shading design, including tourist activity center, entrance area, management office and barbecue area, etc., which is the main research object of this paper. Based on the survey data, the effect of shading and cooling in country parks in Lingnan area was analyzed, and the common greening trees in country parks in Lingnan area were analyzed. Then, the common greening shading trees in Lingnan country Park were selected, and the parametric modeling experiment was carried out with different crown shape, crown width and leaf area, combined with rhino software and grassshoper plug-in. The solar radiation transmittance under different leaf area indices was analyzed, and the requirements of leaf area index for Arbor trees under good shading effect were explored, and suggestions for tree shade selection in Lingnan country Park were put forward. Finally, based on the analysis of theoretical basis and practical investigation, the shading effect of Lingnan country park tourist activity area is analyzed. Then it is extended to a practical project of scenic area planning and design. The site model of the entrance area with more tourists' activities is established by using ENVI-met simulation software and the shading situation after the site is completed is analyzed. This paper is a part of a project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Science Foundation (No:50908087), "Regional study on the Planning and Design of country Parks in Subtropical regions-taking the Pearl River Delta region as an example". The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of plant shading in the tourist activity area of country parks in Lingnan area, and to provide guidance and reference for the study and design of shading system in country parks.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU986.52

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