儒道释美学与现代人的诗意栖居

发布时间：2018-03-30 03:45

本文选题：诗意栖居　切入点：儒释道美学　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 进入九十年代以来,随着长期以来占统治地位的西方文化中心主义的不断衰落,文化多元论的普遍被接受,更多的思想家开始考虑如何借鉴世界各民族的宝贵文化传统,重建人与人的关系、人与自然的关系。在科学技术高度发达的今天,在享有物质生活的同时,能够在精神的家园中“诗意地栖居”,这是一种至上的境界。 “诗意地栖居”是一种本质意义上的存在状态,是海德格尔为人类设想的一种崭新的生存方式和境界,表达了人类对本真的生存方式的追求。“诗意”就是一种自由自在的境界,就是人与自然自由自在的相处。人诗意地栖居,是生命的存在矛盾的终极解决,诗化的生活是生命存在的最高形式。在我们民族文化传统中,儒家以“和”为美,它特别关注人与自然、人与社会、人与人的和谐。在人与自然的关系上,把人类看作自然界的产物的一部分,追求人类活动与自然界的协调与和谐,儒家“中和”的理想人格可以提升现代人生存中的伦理审美境界。道家以虚无为本,“道法自然”。老子所谓“大音希声,大象无形”的命题,庄子所谓“恬静寂寞虚无无为,此天地之本而道德之质也”和“淡然无迹而众美从之”的审美观念,都给后世的理论家以无穷的启迪。道家的“道”体现出高远、超越、自然的宇宙观、人生观,给现代人以神圣、自然的生命感,深沉的宇宙情怀,高远的人生境界;“与道齐一”的物我观、生死观让现代人心胸开阔、豁达。佛家的“禅悟”、“忏悔”也有极大的影响,“神思”、“妙悟”、“境界”、“现量”等佛家语和体证人生世相的方式,皆成为后人在应对一切生活压力时可贵的思想法宝。儒家“仁者爱人”、“天人合一”的人生哲学,道家逍遥、回归自然的质朴的生活形态与禅宗“无本无著”、“不滞不着”处世方法,都是现代人身处这个信仰缺失物欲横流的社会中通向超越、自由境界的有效途径。由此,本文将中国古代儒释道三家的代表学说同海德格尔的诗意栖居理论联系起来,提出“真”、“善”、“和”、“乐”作为现代人诗意栖居的四原则,以期找到一条通向诗意之路。
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, with the decline of Western cultural centrism, which has been dominant for a long time, and the widespread acceptance of cultural pluralism, more and more thinkers have begun to consider how to learn from the valuable cultural traditions of all nationalities in the world. Today, when science and technology are highly developed, while enjoying material life, we can "inhabit poetically" in the spiritual homeland, which is a supreme realm. "poetic dwelling" is a state of existence in the essential sense, a new way and realm of existence that Heidegger envisions for mankind, and expresses the human pursuit of the original way of living. "poetic" is a state of freedom. Living poetically is the ultimate solution to the contradiction of existence of life, and poetic life is the highest form of existence of life. In our national cultural tradition, the Confucian school regards "harmony" as the beauty. It pays special attention to the harmony between man and nature, between man and society, between man and man. In the relationship between man and nature, it regards human beings as a part of the products of nature. In pursuit of harmony and harmony between human activities and nature, the ideal personality of Confucian "neutralization" can promote the ethical aesthetic realm in modern people's existence. Taoism is based on nihilism, "Taoism is natural". The proposition of "elephant invisible", Zhuangzi's aesthetic concept of "quiet, lonely, nothingness, the root of this world and the quality of morality" and "indifferent without trace and all beauty from it", The Taoist "Tao" embodies a high, transcendent, natural outlook on the universe, outlook on life, giving modern people a sense of sanctity, a sense of natural life, and a deep feeling of the universe. The lofty realm of life; the "one with the Tao" view of things, the view of life and death so that modern people open their hearts, "Zen realization" and "repentance" of Buddhism also have great influence. The ways of Buddhist language and physical evidence of life phase, such as "Divine thought", "Miao Wu", "realm" and "present quantity", have all become valuable ideological weapons for future generations to deal with all the pressures of life. Confucian "benevolent lover", "harmony of nature and man" philosophy of life, Taoism at ease, return to the nature of the simple life form and Zen "have nothing to do", "can not stay" way of life, This is an effective way for modern people to lead to the realm of transcendence and freedom in a society where the belief is lacking in materiality. Therefore, this paper links the representative theories of the three schools of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in ancient China with Heidegger's theory of poetic dwelling. This paper puts forward the four principles of "truth", "goodness", "harmony" and "music" as the poetic dwelling of modern people in order to find a way to poetry.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：B83

【引证文献】