林译《块肉余生述》的变译方法及其理据

发布时间：2018-01-24 17:12

本文关键词： 林纾《块肉余生述》《大卫·科波菲尔》变译方法原因　出处：《长江大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：林纾是中国翻译史上著名的翻译家,一生翻译了180多部著作。他所译的《块肉余生述》因为与原著有着惊人的神似被奉为林译小说的经典之作。众所周知,林纾不懂外文,这使他在一定程度上受制于和他合作的口译者,影响了他的翻译质量。但也正因为如此,他在翻译时可以较少受原文的制约,不会拘泥于个别字句,而是透过口译者的叙述,用心去揣摩原作者的创作意图,从整体去把握小说中的人物和故事,用“心”与作者建立了一种情感联系。正如他自己所说：“余虽不审西文。然日闻其口译,亦能区别其文章之流派,如辨家人之足音。”(林纾,1980：1) 林纾的翻译是自由的,因为他不忠于原作者。他运用增、减、并、改等其它的方法进行翻译。他对翻译的特殊操作正好符合变译理论的范畴。在20世纪90年代黄忠廉教授第一次系统地提出了翻译变体理论。它主要是对翻译种类进行划分,有别十传统学者所持有的所谓的全译。它是对如摘译、编译、缩译、述译、评译等特殊翻译类型的形式、方法和功能进行研究。至于林纾为什么用变译方法进行翻译,我们可以借助于安德烈·勒菲维尔的相关翻译理论进行解释。作为文化操控学派的代表人物,安德烈·勒菲维尔的诗学理论是翻译理论研究中的重要成就之一。他指出,社会是文化系统之上的系统,而文学是其中的子系统,或系统中的系统。这些系统相互影响,相互作用,改写是确保文学作品生存的方法之一。他十分强调三个控制要素在翻译过程中的操控作用：在文学系统内部起作用的是意识形态和诗学,在其外部是赞助人。译者通过对原著的操控,使之适应目的的语中的主流意识形态,诗学形式以及赞助者的需要。本文以安德烈·勒菲维尔的诗学理论为理论依据,以著名翻译家林纾翻译的《块肉余生述》为案例,从译者所处的晚清社会文化背景出发,分析了影响他翻译策略的文化因素,包括文本的选择和翻译策略的选择。根据诗学理论,这篇论文把林纾放在更广阔的社会背景之下,来分析影响他选择翻译策略的因素。通过现有的研究,我们发现如果把原文本和林纾的译本在词汇方面进行比较,目标文本的一些部分被视为误译。然而,当我们把译作置于更广阔的文化背景下,这些误译又是合乎逻辑并可以接受的。通过观照中国社会文化和诗学的影响,找出林纾翻译西方文学的根本原因,是本研究的主要工作之一。本论文作者希望藉此研究引起翻译研究者对“文化”这一重要元素的关注。翻译是一种语言转换活动,亦是一种跨文化交际活动,必然会受到社会文化规范的束缚,林纾的翻译也不例外。本文以《块肉余生述》第十章为例进行个案研究。首先从变译理论的角度,运用对比分析和描述的方法,探讨和归纳了《块肉余生述》中所运用的各种变译方法,然后结合安德烈·勒菲维尔的改写理论,从意识形态、诗学、赞助人等社会文化规范层面,分析探讨了林纾运用各种变译方法的深层次的社会文化原因,进而证明林译绝不是胡译、乱译,而有其合理性和必要性的。本论文分为五章,包括引言和结论。第一章是引言。本章阐述了研究目的和研究意义,研究的问题,研究方法以及论文的结构安排等。第二章是以往相关研究回顾。本章回顾了林译小说的研究以及国内外对林译《块肉余生述》的研究。第三章是理论框架。本章阐述了变译理论的发展和背景。勒菲弗尔诗学理论以及诗学和变译翻译方法的整合。第四章是个案研究。本章描述并归纳了林译《块肉余生述》中所采用的变译方法以及诗学和文化对《块肉余生述》的影响。第五章是本次研究的总结。
[Abstract]:Lin Shu is a famous China history of translation translator, has translated more than 180 books. A piece of meat he translated the rest of my life with the original < > because a striking likeness is regarded as Linshu's classic. As everyone knows, Lin Shu does not understand foreign languages, which enabled him to some extent, and he collaborators, affect the quality of his translation. But it is precisely because of this, he can be less restricted by the original in translation, not limited to individual words, but through interpreting narrative intentions to figure out the original author's creation intention, from the whole to grasp "the characters and the story." heart "and the author established a kind of emotional contact. As he said:" although not more than foreign languages. However, its interpretation can also smell, the difference between the schools, such as family footsteps. "(Lin Shu, 1980:1)
Lin Shu's translation is free, because he was not loyal to the original author. He used to increase, decrease, and change, and other methods of translation. His translation of special operation is in line with the theory of translation variation category. In 1990s, Professor Huang Zhonglian first systematically put forward the translation variation theory. It is mainly to divide there are kinds of translation, complete translation held by the so-called ten traditional scholars. It is of such as the selection of translation, translation, condensed translation, the translation, translation and other special types of translation evaluation form, research methods and functions.
As for why Lin Shu translated by translation method, we can with the help of Andre Lefiville's translation theory to explain. As a representative of the manipulation school culture, Andre Lefiville's poetic theory is an important achievement in the research of the theory of translation. He pointed out that the social system is cultural system, and Literature is the subsystem or in the system system. These systems interact, interaction, rewriting is one way of ensuring that the survival of literary works. He emphasizes the three control factors in the translation process control function: inside the literary system the role of ideology and Poetics in the exterior is the patron. The translator on the original control to adapt to the mainstream ideology in language, poetic form and need to sponsor.
Based on Andre Lefiville's poetics theory, the famous translator Lin Shu translation of the piece of meat for the case of < >, from the late Qing Dynasty's social culture background, analyzes the influence of cultural factors of his translation strategies, including text selection and translation strategies. According to the theory of poetics, this thesis Lin Shufang under the broader social background, to analyze the influencing factors of translation strategies. He chose through the existing research, we found that if you compare the original text and Lin Shu's translation in vocabulary, some part of the target text is regarded as mistranslation. However, when we put the translation in a broader cultural context of these, mistranslation is logical and acceptable. Through the influence of social culture and poetics Chinese perspective, in order to find out the causes of Lin Shu's translation of Western literature, is the main research The author of this paper hopes to take this study to arouse the attention of translation researchers on the important element of "culture".
Translation is a language activity, is also a kind of cross-cultural communication, must be bound by the social and cultural norms, Lin Shu's translation is no exception. In this paper, "David Copperfield the > tenth chapter as a case study. Firstly, from the perspective of translation variation theory, using the method of comparative analysis and description the paper discusses and summarizes the various use of David Copperfield < > in the translation method, and then combined with the theory of rewriting, Andre Lefiville from ideology, poetics, patronage and other social and cultural norms, analyzes the deep social cultural reasons Lin Shu use various translation methods, and that is not translated by Lin Hu translation, translation, and has its rationality and necessity.
This paper is divided into five chapters, including introduction and conclusion. The first chapter is introduction. This chapter explains the research purpose and significance of the research, research questions, research methods and structure of the paper. The second chapter is the review of related research. This chapter reviews the translated novels and the domestic and foreign research on Lin's translation. The David Copperfield > research.
The third chapter is the theoretical framework. This chapter describes the development of translation variation theory and background. The integration of Lefebvre's poetics theory, poetics and translation methods. The fourth chapter is the case study. This chapter describes and summarizes the influence of translation methods translation of < > in the rest of the meat, and the cultural poetics the < David Copperfield >. The fifth chapter is the conclusion of this research.

【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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