媒介场中“文学事实”的通变问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 20:01

本文选题：媒介场域 + 欲望主体　；参考：《南京师范大学》2008年博士论文

【摘要】： 当前文学研究的核心问题是如何理解和应对“文学边缘化”、“文学终结”、“文学泛化”等文学现象。而上述现象的发生几乎都与媒介相关。本文试图运用相关媒介理论,考察媒介多大程度上改变了文学的存在方式,同时文学在对媒介的同化与顺应中又能在多大程度上保持自身的独立性,即文学的通变之道,通则不乏,变则可久。文章借用布尔迪厄的场域和哈贝马斯的公共领域理论,提出了媒介场的概念,以整体的、动态的、历史化的方式呈现各种力量相互作用的异质趋向,而不是线性的、静态的、抽象的、分散的同质性的考察,力求避免文学阐释中内部/外部的取舍,自律/他律的区分。第一,文学被放置于媒介场的关系网络中考察,受到场域中诸种因素的影响,包括场域中的诸种媒介,以及得媒介助力得以增殖、扩散、膨胀的意识形态、政治、市场等因素。在研究中力避单纯从媒介出发的技术决定论。第二,研究媒介域下的文学后果,媒介的偏向性,即不同媒介影响力的差异性和文学呈现的历史性。文学成之为文学,在文学史的长河中沉淀下来的独立持存性和受场域中诸多因素影响的适变性,即文学在媒介场域中的通变关系,被作为逻辑红线贯穿始终。第三,媒介和文学是研究中的逻辑结点。目前关于二者关系的研究,有的偏向媒介的文学后果的描述,有的把文学当作媒介理论的注脚。此种状况笔者以为没有找到媒介和文学的纽结点、逻辑缝合点。本文从媒介和文学实践两个端点双向推进,使其缝合点落脚于“主体”,媒介建构了主体,而文学作品的存在和存在方式取决于主体。作品存在于两种场域:作家、作品和世界,欣赏者、作品和世界。前者重创作,后者重阅读,但创作和阅读都处于世界之中,同时其在世界中,都离不开主体,是主体的在世界之中,因此作品的存在方式和存在意义都来自于主体的在世界之中。依据上述基本思路,其主要内容如下: 第一部分试图通过媒介的变迁揭示某种媒介主导的场域中主体的不同特征。由此从历史主体进入对媒介场域建构现实主体的考察。在现代,很多人的生活都是以某种或某些媒介为主导的多媒介生存。由于不同的媒介有属于自身的不同编码规则,同时形成对主体的不同尺度,因此多媒介场域,让主体具有了处于多种尺度中的可能性,主体可能会拥有很多“化身”,满足不同的需要。媒介场域建构了渴望实现人的多种可能性的欲望的主体。第二部分在“通变”的参照系下,试图通过梳理文学史中创作主体所承担的角色,辨析文学所能够满足的主体欲求,阐明在媒介场域中其他因素的作用下,文学发挥媒介优势的创生之途——超越虚拟的可能性和现实性。第三部分借用“象征”和“互文”的概念,试图用整体观探讨在媒介场域中通过文学阅读满足主体的多种欲求的可能性和现实性,以此论证文学阅读存在的必要性。本文试图突破由于新媒体的异军突起所造成的语码危机、文学的衰落,这种对抗式的思维模式。在媒介场域的整体语境下,把文学置于“通变”的辩证发展观中,既与其他媒介形成交往对话关系,又保持自身的媒介发展优势。
[Abstract]:The core issue of current literary research is how to understand and deal with literary phenomena such as "literary marginalization", "Literary Termination" and "literary generalization".
This paper attempts to use the relevant theories of media, media of extent changes the mode of literature existence, and literature in the assimilation of media and adaptation and can maintain their independence in a large extent, namely the change of literature, there will be a long time. In general, the article use Pierre Bourdieu's field Habermas domain and public domain theory, put forward the concept of the media field, as a whole, dynamic and historical way of presenting the heterogeneity of the interaction of various forces trend, rather than linear, static, abstract, on dispersion homogeneity, to avoid internal / external choice in literary interpretation, self-discipline / heteronomy distinction.
First, the network literature is placed in the media field, influenced by various factors in the field, including various kinds of media in the field, and the assistance of the media to spread, proliferation, expansion of ideology, political, market and other factors. In order to avoid in the study from the media of technological determinism.
Second, the study of media domain literature under the consequences of biased media, i.e. different media influence the differences and the literature presents historical literature. As literature, deposited in literature history of being independent and adaptation is influenced by many factors in the field, that is changing the relationship between literature in the media field, as a logical line throughout.
Third, the media and literature is the logical node in the study. The current research on the relationship between the two, some of the media bias literature description of the consequences, some of the literary theory of the media as a footnote. The author thinks they heckles the media and literature did not find the logical stitching. This paper from the media and literature practice of the two endpoints bidirectional propulsion, makes the stitching based on "subject", the media construct the main body, and literary works exist depends on the subject. The work exists in two fields: writers, works and the world, appreciation, works and the world. The former re creation, the latter reading, but reading and writing are in the world, at the same time in the world, all cannot do without the main body, is the main body in the world, so the works of existence and meaning of existence from the subject in the world.
According to the basic ideas mentioned above, the main contents are as follows:
The first part of the different characteristics of the changes of the media tries to reveal the subject in the leading field of a certain medium. From the historical subject investigation into the construction of the real subject of the media field. In modern times, many people are living in some or some media as the leading multi media existence. Because of the different media have different encoding rules belong to their own, while the formation of different scales of the subject, the field of various media, let the body has a variety of possibilities in the scale, the subject may have a lot of "Avatar", to meet the different needs. The media field constructs the subject desire to achieve a variety of possibilities of human desires.
In the second part of the "reference change", tries to comb the history of literature creation of the main role, which can meet the analysis of the literature of the subject's desire to clarify other factors in the media field under the effect of the way of creation of literature play advantage of media -- beyond reality and virtual possibilities.
The third part, borrowing the concept of "symbol" and "intertextuality", tries to explore the necessity and necessity of reading literature in the media field through literature reading to satisfy the desire and reality of various desires.
This paper attempts to break as a result of new media A new force suddenly rises. code crisis, the decline of literature, the adversarial thinking mode. In the field of media in the context of the literature on the whole, "change" the dialectical development view, which contacts with other media, and keep its own advantage of media development.

【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：I0-05

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