从图里的翻译规范论视角重读林纾的翻译

发布时间：2018-04-16 04:27

本文选题：林纾的翻译 + 图里　；参考：《中南大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 林纾对外国文学作品的译介是中国翻译史上一个比较特殊的现象,倍受译界关注和争论。一方面,林纾开了中国文学翻译之先河,其翻译数量之多、影响之大成就了中国翻译史上的一个传奇;另一方面,由于林纾本人不懂外语,译作中多采用意译,其中又不乏删节,因此其翻译又多为评论家所诟病。本文通过回顾对林纾的翻译的各种评论和研究,发现多数评论和研究出自语言学层面,属于以原语为指向的评论模式,是将其翻译作为一种独立于社会、文化语境的独立实体进行考察的。然而,每一种翻译都是特定时代的产物。由于不同时代的译者有不同的翻译目的,他们会采取各种翻译策略对原文做出这样那样的调整或改编,以适应自己翻译目的的要求。因此,基于语言学层面的以原语为指向的研究方法是有欠缺的,不可能客观、公正地解释林纾的翻译现象。近年来,西方的一些以译语语言、文化为指向的翻译理论为我们提供了一种解读林纾翻译的新视角,为我们进一步加深理解这种翻译现象提供了可能。吉迪恩·图里就是这一领域最为出色的学者之一,他的翻译理论是建立在一个假设基础上的,即翻译是一种受规范约束的行为。图里将“规范”从一个规定性的概念扩展为一个描述性的概念,这样就为人们能够以一种相对的观点理解什么是翻译提供了可能。他认为作为受规范约束的翻译不是一个固定的而是一个可变的概念,因为随着规范的改变,翻译也会发生变化。作为目标文化中的一种客观存在,翻译是受文化、社会、历史等许多变量制约的。文章以图里的翻译规范理论为框架,将林纾的翻译置于当时具体的社会、文化语境中进行考察,结合林纾为其译作所写的序、跋、例言以及当时批评家对其译作的评论,从起始规范、初级规范、和操作规范三个层面对比原著和译文,试图找出林纾采用翻译策略的深层次原因,并为其提供解释,得出了林纾的翻译达到了既定目的,是符合当时的翻译规范的结论。
[Abstract]:Lin Shu's translation of foreign literary works is a special phenomenon in the history of Chinese translation, which has attracted much attention and controversy.On the one hand, Lin Shu pioneered the translation of Chinese literature, whose number of translations and great influence made him a legend in the history of Chinese translation; on the other hand, because Lin Shu himself did not understand foreign languages, he often adopted free translation in his translations.Among them, there is no lack of abridgement, so its translation is criticized by critics.By reviewing the various comments and studies on Lin Shu's translation, this paper finds that most of the comments and studies are from the linguistic level and belong to the mode of criticism directed by the source language, which is to regard the translation of Lin Shu as an independent form of society.The independent entity of the cultural context carries on the investigation.However, every translation is the product of a particular era.Because translators of different times have different translation purposes, they will adopt various translation strategies to adjust or adapt the original text in one way or another to meet the needs of their own translation purposes.Therefore, there is a lack of linguistic approach to the study of the source language, and it is impossible to explain Lin Shu's translation phenomenon objectively and impartially.In recent years, some western translation theories directed at the target language and culture have provided us with a new perspective to interpret Lin Shu's translation, which provides us with the possibility to deepen our understanding of this translation phenomenon.Gideon Toury is one of the most outstanding scholars in this field. His translation theory is based on a hypothesis that translation is a regulated behavior.It is possible for people to understand what translation is from a relative point of view by extending the "specification" from a prescriptive concept to a descriptive one.He believes that translation as a normative constraint is not a fixed but a variable concept because translation changes with the change of norms.As an objective existence in target culture, translation is restricted by many variables, such as culture, society, history and so on.Based on Touri's translation norms theory, this paper puts Lin Shu's translation into the specific social and cultural context at that time, and combines the preface, postscript, example words written by Lin Shu for his translation, as well as the critics' comments on his translation at that time.In this paper, the author contrasts the original text with the translated text from the three levels of starting criterion, primary norm and operation norm, tries to find out the deep reasons why Lin Shu adopts the translation strategy, and provides explanations for it, and concludes that Lin Shu's translation has achieved the established purpose.The conclusion is in accordance with the translation norms of the time.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：I046;H059

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