从功能派角度论文学翻译的归化和异化策略选择

发布时间：2018-04-24 10:28

本文选题：归化 + 异化　；参考：《对外经济贸易大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：归化(domestication)和异化(foreignization)是对两种翻译策略的称谓。当今世界文化间的关系错综复杂,文化交流日益频繁.作为文化交流形式之一的翻译实际是一种文化交融 .归化和异化作为两种翻译策略 ,在文化交融中起着重要作用 .如果灵活得当地运用,就能消除源语文化和目的语文化之间的障碍,从而促进文化的交流.在翻译研究领域首先将这两个词语作为术语使用的是美国翻译学者 Lawrence Venuti。按照 Schuttleworth 和Cowie 编写的 Dictionary of Translation Studies 中给出的定义,归化指:译者采用透明、流畅的风格以尽可能减弱译语读者对外语语篇的生疏感的翻译策略;异化则指刻意打破目的语的行文规范而保留原文的某些异域特色的翻译策略。Venuti 十分强调翻译活动受特定社会文化价值驱动的特质。在他看来,翻译活动不是单纯的语言操作,而是跨文化的交际活动。在对英国和美国的文学翻译作品出版现状进行分析后,他得出结论,认为以英语为目的语、以英美读者为服务对象的翻译作品,归化翻译占绝对主导地位,以至造成翻译中的“种族中心主义”,即使原文依从于目的语文化的价值观。因此他极力主张异化翻译原则,提倡所谓不通顺的译文,以突出原文的异域语言风格和文化特质,防止被目的语的规范所吞噬。 Venuti 的观点在翻译界颇受关注,也受到一些批评。Venuti 本人也意识到 ,异化翻译只是一个主观的、相对的概念。完全的和绝对的异化是不可能的。异化中总会有归化,因为译文总是要在译语文化氛围中被阅读和评判的。 VentJti的翻译思想可追溯到1813年德国神学家和翻译家Sctlleiermacher,他认为翻泽有两种,一种是将原文作者拉向译文读者,另一种是将译文读者拉向原文作者。这前一种就相当于归化,后一种就是异化。我国的翻泽传统中没有归化和异化的提法,将这两个词作为术语用于翻译恐怕还是近年来引介西方翻译理的结果。但这不是说我国就没有类似的翻译思想。白周代出现翻泽活动以来的意译利直译之争就是这种翻泽思想的体现。不同的是,意译利直译的提山是针对翻译操作的语言层面的。但实际上语言层面和文化层面很难截然分开,所以将我国固有翻译传统中的这两个术语放住当今国际翻译研究背景下审视 ,可以说 ,它们的含义和归化/异化人
[Abstract]:Domestication (domestication) and foreignization (Foreignization) are the titles of the two translation strategies. When the relationship between cultures in today's world is complex, cultural exchanges are becoming increasingly frequent. Translation, as one of the forms of cultural communication, is actually a cultural blend. As two translation strategies, domestication and alienation play an important role in cultural blending. If the local application is flexible, the barriers between the source culture and the target language culture can be removed and the cultural exchange can be promoted. In the field of translation studies, Lawrence Venutil, an American translator, first uses these two terms as terms. According to the definition given in Dictionary of Translation Studies written by Schuttleworth and Cowie, domestication refers to the translation strategy in which the translator adopts a transparent and fluent style in order to minimize the readers' familiarity with the foreign text; Alienation refers to translation strategies that deliberately break the norms of the target language and retain some exotic features of the original text. Venuti emphasizes that translation activities are driven by specific social and cultural values. In his opinion, translation is not a simple language operation, but a cross-cultural communicative activity. After analyzing the present situation of literary translation in Britain and the United States, he concludes that domesticated translation plays a dominant role in the translation of English as the target language and British and American readers as the target. Thus, the translation of the "ethnocentrism", even if the original adhere to the cultural values of the target language. Therefore, he strongly advocates the principle of foreignization translation and the so-called irregular translation in order to highlight the foreign language style and cultural characteristics of the original text and prevent it from being engulfed by the norms of the target language. Venuti's point of view has attracted much attention in the field of translation, and has also been criticized. Venuti himself realized that foreignization translation is only a subjective and relative concept. Complete and absolute alienation is impossible. There is always domestication in alienation, because the target text is always read and judged in the cultural atmosphere of the target language. VentJti's translation ideas can be traced back to 1813 German theologian and translator Sctlleiermacher.He thinks that there are two kinds of translation, one is to draw the original author to the target reader, the other is to draw the target reader to the original author. The former is equivalent to naturalization, the latter is alienation. There is no reference to domestication and alienation in the translation tradition of our country. The use of these two terms as terms in translation is probably the result of introducing western translation theories in recent years. But this is not to say that there is no similar translation thought in China. The dispute of free translation and literal translation since the appearance of the white Zhou Dynasty is the embodiment of this kind of translation thought. The difference is that the literal translation of free translation is aimed at the linguistic level of translation operation. But in fact, it is difficult to separate the linguistic level from the cultural level, so if we put the two terms in the traditional translation tradition of our country in the context of international translation studies today, we can say that their meanings and domestication / alienation people
【学位授予单位】：对外经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：I046

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