互文性理论与文学批评

发布时间：2018-04-26 02:12

本文选题：互文性 + 文本　；参考：《华中师范大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文对西方互文性理论的历史背景和“迁徙”过程做了具体的介绍。分别考察了以克里斯蒂娃为代表的早期互文性理论的缘起及20世纪70年代末发展起来的互文性理论的特征。通过对大量实践的归纳总结,本文试图寻找互文性理论指导文学批评实践的方法。并在此基础上,总结互文性理论对文学批评产生的影响。“互文性”又叫“文本间性”。作为一个重要的批评术语,产生于20世纪60年代结构主义向后结构主义转型之时。作为转型之时的文本理论,互文性理论的魅力到底何在呢?互文性对文学批评产生了何种影响呢?这正是本文试图回答的问题。本篇论文通过对西方互文性理论家克里斯蒂娃、巴特、德里达、保罗·德·曼、热奈特、里法泰尔互文性理论主张的具体分析,发现互文性理论对文学批评的影响有以下几点:一、互文性理论引入文学批评,突破了结构主义方法的局限,将历时性研究纳入文学研究,把社会历史、意识形态、他人话语等诸多外部因素当作文本重新纳入文学研究的视野,把文本看作是一个自身包含多种声音的意指过程,以此质疑文本的同一性、自足性和原创性。二、互文性理论引入文学批评,颠覆了结构主义的中心关系网络,破解了其二元对立系统,揭示了众多文本中能指的自由嬉戏现象,进而突出了意义的不确定性。三、互文性理论消弭了传统文学批评所恪守的批评与创作的界限。也就是说互文性理论打破了传统文学批评的附庸地位,使得文学批评的地位得到了空前的提高。四、从文学批评的审美体验方面来考察,互文性理论的运用给读者带来了迥异于传统文学作品带来的审美感受——“极乐”。五、互文性理论的提出消解了传统的作者权威,读者从被动欣赏者变成主动解释者。六、互文性理论渗入到新历史主义批评中,将文学文本与文学文本之间的互文性转换成文学文本与历史文本之间的互文性。七、互文性理论引入文学批评,使我们放弃了那种在封闭的文学系统中研究文学的批评方法,转向一种宽泛语境下的跨文本文化研究。当然任何理论都不可能完美无缺,互文性理论也有它的“双重焦虑”,也有一系列两难境地(模糊与空泛、确定与不确定等等),也存在一些相对主义、虚无主义的弊病。这一切都需要我们在以后的理论研究和批评实践中发展和完善。
[Abstract]:This paper introduces the historical background and migration process of western intertextuality theory. The origin of the early intertextuality theory represented by Christina and the characteristics of the intertextuality theory developed in the late 1970s were investigated respectively. By summing up a great deal of practice, this paper tries to find the method of intertextuality theory to guide literary criticism practice. On this basis, the author summarizes the influence of intertextuality on literary criticism. Intertextuality is also called intertextuality. As an important term of criticism, it emerged during the transition from structuralism to post-structuralism in the 1960s. What is the charm of the intertextuality theory, which is the text theory in the period of transformation? What influence does intertextuality have on literary criticism? This is exactly the question this paper tries to answer. This paper analyzes the theory of intertextuality of western intertextuals, such as Christeva, Bart, Derrida, Paul de Mann, Genett and Rifattel. It is found that the intertextuality theory has the following influence on literary criticism: first, the intertextuality theory introduces literary criticism, breaks through the limitation of structuralism method, brings diachronic research into literary research, and brings social history and ideology into the study. Many external factors, such as discourse of others, are taken as texts to be reintegrated into the field of view of literary studies, and text is regarded as a process of implicature which contains a variety of voices, thus questioning the identity, self-sufficiency and originality of the text. Second, the intertextuality theory introduces literary criticism, subverts the central relation network of structuralism, breaks its binary opposition system, reveals the phenomenon of free play of signifier in many texts, and then highlights the uncertainty of meaning. Third, intertextuality eliminates the limits of criticism and creation that traditional literary criticism abides by. That is to say, intertextuality breaks down the vassal status of traditional literary criticism, and makes the status of literary criticism unparalleled. Fourthly, from the aspect of aesthetic experience of literary criticism, the application of intertextuality theory brings readers different aesthetic feelings from traditional literary works. Fifth, the theory of intertextuality dispels the traditional authoritarianism, and the reader changes from passive appreciator to active interpreter. Sixth, the theory of intertextuality permeates the criticism of New historicism and converts the intertextuality between literary text and literary text into intertextuality between literary text and historical text. Seventh, the intertextuality theory introduces literary criticism, which makes us abandon the critical method of studying literature in the closed literary system and turn to a cross-text cultural study in a broad context. Of course, any theory can not be perfect, intertextuality theory also has its "double anxiety", but also a series of dilemmas (vague and vague, certainty and uncertainty, etc.), there are also some relativism, nihilism shortcomings. All these need us to develop and perfect in the later theoretical research and critical practice.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：I06

【引证文献】