韩语当为助动词和汉语必要能愿动词的对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 13:24

本文选题：韩语当为助动词 + 汉语必要能愿动词　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在汉语和韩语的语法体系中谓语占据着重要的地位。韩语中的助动词一直都是学者们研究的焦点。韩语语法中虽然没有能愿动词这一名称,但是有充当能愿动词角色的助动词。本文通过对韩语当为助动词与汉语必要能愿动词的对比研究,旨在揭示两者的相关用法及对应关系,探究其内在规律,认识两者的共性和个性。进一步完善韩语助动词和汉语能愿动词的理论知识,分析两者的语法特性,使韩语和汉语学习者减少误用,对韩语和汉语的学习具有一定的指导意义。在对众多韩国学者与中国学者研究成果进行综合梳理的基础上,简单叙述韩语助动词与汉语能愿动词的名称及定义、词性、分类及数量。梳理韩语助动词与汉语能愿动词的分类及数量时,在总结前人意见的同时提出自己新的判断标准,并根据原型范畴理论将韩语助动词分为典型助动词、较典型助动词、非助动词。本文的研究对象是韩语当为助动词‘(?)’与汉语必要能愿动词‘要,应,应该’。在21世纪世宗计划语料库与北京大学中国语言学研究中心语料库中提取出与研究对象相关的例句,利用例句分析韩语当为助动词的四种特性——依存性、代动词性、不可省略性、连用性;分析汉语必要能愿动词的四种特性——不可重叠性、与‘了,着,过’的不可连用性、‘~不~’结构特性、连用性;并说明两者的异同点。利用韩语小说《(?)》及其汉语译本分析韩语当为助动词对应的汉语表达方式,利用汉语小说《蛙》及其韩语译本分析汉语必要能愿动词对应的韩语表达方式。
[Abstract]:Predicate plays an important role in the grammatical system of Chinese and Korean. The auxiliary verbs in Korean have always been the focus of scholars. Although the Korean grammar does not have the name of vowel verb, there are auxiliary verbs that act as vowel verbs. Through the contrastive study of Korean as auxiliary verb and Chinese necessary wish verb, the purpose of this paper is to reveal the relevant usage and corresponding relationship of the two verbs, to explore their internal laws, and to understand their commonness and individuality. Further improve the theoretical knowledge of Korean auxiliary verbs and Chinese can wish verbs, analyze the grammatical characteristics of both, so as to reduce the misuse of Korean and Chinese learners, and have a certain guiding significance for the learning of Korean and Chinese. On the basis of synthetically combing the research results of many Korean and Chinese scholars, this paper briefly describes the names and definitions, parts of speech, classification and quantity of the auxiliary verbs in Korean and the verbs in Chinese. When combing the classification and quantity of Korean auxiliary verbs and Chinese capacitive verbs, the author summarizes the previous opinions and puts forward his own new judgment criteria, and divides the Korean auxiliary verbs into typical auxiliary verbs and more typical auxiliary verbs according to the prototype category theory. A non-auxiliary verb. The object of this thesis is Korean as an auxiliary verb. Chinese must be able to wish the verb 'yes, should be. The sample sentences related to the object of study were extracted from the corpus of the Shizong Plan Corpus of the 21st Century and the Center of Chinese Linguistics Research of Peking University, and the four characteristics of Korean as auxiliary verbs were analyzed. This paper analyzes the four characteristics of the necessary verbs in Chinese, that is, the non-reduplication of verbs, and the structural characteristics and similarities and differences between the two kinds of verbs, such as' not to be used, 'and' not to be used, 'and to explain the similarities and differences of the two kinds of verbs. In this paper, the Chinese expressions of Korean verbs corresponding to auxiliary verbs are analyzed by means of the Korean novel and its Chinese translation, and the Korean expressions of the necessary Chinese willing verbs are analyzed by using the Chinese novel "Frog" and its Korean translation.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H55;I046

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