《店员》中主人公弗兰克的犹太式新生

发布时间：2018-01-10 12:11

本文关键词：《店员》中主人公弗兰克的犹太式新生　出处：《四川师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伯纳德·马拉穆德是美国二战后一位著名的犹太裔作家,他的许多作品都体现了其对于自身民族文化遗产的保护、对于民族未来的思考以及民族苦难的深切同情,因此马拉穆德也被誉为美国犹太文学的心脏。本文选择了马拉穆德最具代表性的作品《店员》为研究对象,结合犹太文化以及小说创作的历史文化背景,分析了主人公弗兰克由一名道德感缺失内心迷惘的流浪汉转变为一名为善受难自我认同的犹太人的新生过程,从而揭示出作者所宣扬的犹太精神即：存善念做善事,有意义地受难。而弗兰克的新生将这种精神提升到新的高度,他体现了对人性至善的追求、打破了种族壁垒、给物质化的美国以启示。弗兰克是一名自我迷失,没有信仰,四处流浪的孤儿,他没有一技之长,却总幻想着实现自己扭曲的美国梦。由于受到美国物质主义文化的影响,弗兰克开始以偷窃、抢劫和欺骗等手段追求物质的享受,走上了犯罪的道路。而弗兰克的犹太精神之父莫里斯逐渐开启了其对于犹太精神的认知。最终弗兰克被其精神所感动,找到自我的身份认同,继而选择继承莫里斯的犹太精神即存善念做善事,有意义地受难并以一名犹太人的身份获得了新生。莫里斯的犹太精神文化深植于《圣经》旧约中“善”与“受难”的理念以及现代犹太民族苦难历史。“善”是莫里斯的人生信条同时也是犹太律法—《托拉》的精髓。“受难”是犹太民族的文化标签。《圣经》旧约中约伯的受难原型揭示出受难是上帝对于犹太民族的考验,而现代犹太民族遭受的惨绝人寰的迫害使得部分犹太人对于犹太文化产生怀疑,产生了自我的迷失。在这种情况下,马拉穆德创造了莫里斯这一犹太精神象征,为人们面对生活的磨难提出了启示,扩大了犹太精神的意义。弗兰克受莫里斯的犹太精神影响而找到了生活目标和自我认同,将犹太精神升华到了新的高度。
[Abstract]:Bernd Malamud is a famous Jewish writer after World War II in the United States. Many of his works reflect the preservation of his national cultural heritage. Considering the future of the nation and deeply sympathizing with the suffering of the nation, Malamud is also regarded as the heart of American Jewish literature. In this paper, Malamud's most representative work, shopkeeper, is chosen as the object of study. Based on the historical and cultural background of Jewish culture and novel creation, this paper analyzes the new process of Frank's transformation from a homeless man with a lack of moral sense to a Jew who is self-identified by good suffering. Thus reveals the Jewish spirit that the author preaches, that is, to keep good thoughts and do good deeds, and to suffer meaningfully, while Frank's new life elevates this spirit to a new height, and he embodies the pursuit of the highest good of human nature. It broke down racial barriers and inspired a materialized America. Frank is a self-lost, faithless, wandering orphan, he has no skills, but always fantasize about the realization of his own distorted American dream, because of the impact of American materialism culture. Frank began to pursue material enjoyment by stealing, robbing and cheating. The father of Frank's Jewish spirit, Maurice, gradually opened up his cognition of Jewish spirit. Finally, Frank was moved by his spirit and found his own identity. He chose to inherit Morris's Jewish spirit, that is, to do good deeds, suffered meaningfully and was reborn as a Jew. Maurice's Jewish spiritual culture is deeply rooted in the ideas of "goodness" and "suffering" in the Old Testament and the history of suffering of the modern Jewish nation. It is Morris's creed and the essence of Jewish law-Tora. "crucifixion." It is the cultural label of the Jewish people. In the Old Testament, Job's crucifixion archetypal reveals that suffering is God's test of the Jewish people. The tragic persecution of the modern Jewish nation made some Jews doubt the Jewish culture and lost themselves. In this case Malamud created Morris the Jewish spirit symbol. By the influence of Morris' Jewish spirit, Frank found the goal of life and self-identity, and sublimated the Jewish spirit to a new height.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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