《德伯家的苔丝》的生态女性主义解读

发布时间：2018-01-18 15:39

本文关键词：《德伯家的苔丝》的生态女性主义解读　出处：《四川师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在文学批评领域,生态女性主义作为一种新兴的文学批评视角,被广泛用来探讨文学作品中自然、男性及女性三者之间的微妙关系。生态女性主义认为,女性相较于男性更能意识到自己是自然的一部分,然而在价值二元论思想的影响下,男权社会中的女性与人类文明发展进程中的自然遭受着同样被排斥被凌辱的命运。因此,生态女性主义者渴望唤醒人们的男女平等意识和生态意识,建立一个两性和谐、人与自然和谐相处、具有包容性的理想社会。近年来,文学界掀起了一股运用生态女性主义文学批评研究文学作品的热潮,重审文学经典成为其重要议题之一。托马斯·哈代所著《德伯家的苔丝》被列为研究的重点对象。在这部作品中,哈代表达了其与生态女性主义思想相契合的自然观和女性观。他不仅描绘了一幅幅祥和绮丽的自然美景,也通过隐喻、象征、对比等技法赋予了自然哲学意味。女性和自然在哈代笔下融为和谐一体,非人类存在也同样受到人文关怀。在人物塑造方面,女主角苔丝作为大自然的女儿,与自然始终保持着一种神秘的联系。她从自然中找寻安慰,她的命运也同季节流转交相呼应。相反,艾里克和安琪儿却被自然所抛弃。受物质主义和男权至上思想的影响,二者共同造成了苔丝的命运悲剧。然而,苔丝之死不仅仅是个人悲剧,更是社会悲剧。工业革命使农村生产结构发生转变,苔丝被迫与自然分离。在男权中心主义统治的社会中,苔丝在失去自然后毫无容身之地,因此工业化和男权中心主义是造成苔丝悲剧的根源。对这部作品进行生态女性主义解读旨在对哈代本人及这部作品提供更为深刻的了解和认识,引导人们对自然、人类及女性三者关系进行感悟和反思,同时也倡导人们积极提高环保意识,为构建一个自然、男性及女性三者融洽相处的和谐世界而努力。
[Abstract]:In the field of literary criticism, eco-feminism, as a new perspective of literary criticism, is widely used to explore the subtle relationship among nature, men and women in literary works. Women are more aware of themselves as a part of nature than men, but under the influence of dualism of value. The women in the patriarchal society suffer the same fate as the nature in the course of the development of human civilization. Therefore, the eco-feminists are eager to awaken the consciousness of equality between men and women and ecological consciousness. In recent years, there has been an upsurge in the use of eco-feminist literary criticism to study literary works. A review of literary classics became one of its important topics. Thomas Hardy's Tess of the Decaux was the focus of the study. In this work, Hardy expresses his view of nature and female which is in line with the thought of ecological feminism. He not only describes the beautiful natural beauty, but also through metaphor, symbolism. Contrast and other techniques endow the natural philosophy. Women and nature are harmonious in Hardy's works, and non-human beings are also cared for by humanity. In the aspect of character shaping, Tess, the heroine, is the daughter of nature. She always has a mysterious connection with nature. She looks for comfort from nature, and her fate coincides with the seasons. The opposite. Eric and Angel were abandoned by nature. Influenced by materialism and patriarchal ideology, both of them caused the tragedy of Tess's fate. However, Tess's death was not just a personal tragedy. The industrial revolution changed the rural production structure, Tess was forced to separate from nature. In the patriarchal society, Tess had no place after losing nature. Therefore industrialization and patriarchal centralism are the root of Tess's tragedy. The eco-feminist interpretation of this work aims to provide a deeper understanding and understanding of Hardy himself and this work. To guide people to understand and reflect on the relationship among nature, human beings and women, and at the same time to advocate people to actively raise the awareness of environmental protection, to build a harmonious world in which nature, men and women get along harmoniously.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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