论《海隅逐客》英雄形象的解构

发布时间：2018-02-03 10:20

本文关键词： 《海隅逐客》英雄形象解构他者解构主义传统帝国英雄　出处：《广西大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：康拉德生活在大英帝国的巅峰时期,和他同时代的不乏致力于帝国罗曼司写作,为英国帝国主义和帝国英雄大唱赞歌的作家,如玛利亚特、亨茨和哈加德等。和他们截然不同的是,康拉德在他的多数作品中为我们呈现的是一幅幅帝国落日和英雄梦断的画面,本文所研究的《海隅逐客》就是其中的典型代表。英国文学中传统的帝国英雄大都集智慧、勇敢、绅士精神和高尚道德于一身,但是《海隅逐客》中的白人却完全颠覆了这一形象：威廉斯背信弃义,完全抛弃道德,先后背叛自己的老板、恩人和爱人；“海大王”林嘉德虽然有着些许英雄气质,但他的狂妄自大和不合时宜的仁慈依然导致了他事业的一败涂地。和他们形成鲜明对比的是土著枭雄巴巴拉契。他在白人的压迫下蛰伏了多年,终于抓住机会,不惜采用卑鄙的手段,利用威廉斯的堕落推翻了林嘉德的统治和垄断,显示出了非凡的智慧和耐心；枭雄的崛起和英雄的衰落恰好呈现出此消彼长的态势,更加凸显了传统的帝国英雄形象在《海隅逐客》中的轰然倒塌,而所有这些都突显出康拉德对理想主义、英雄主义和帝国主义的否定。本文从德里达解构主义和赛义德他者理论的角度出发,对《海隅逐客》中的人物形象建构和解构做了细致的研究。德里达的解构思想解构了西方思想中数千年以来的逻各斯中心主义,殖民主义者所宣扬的欧洲中心论被德里达的“去中心化”策略彻底消解。逻各斯中心主义还习惯将世界划分为诸多二元对立,如西方和东方,自我和他者,文明与蛮夷等,在《海隅逐客》中这些二元对立都被打破。在赛义德之前黑格尔和拉康就已经思考过他者和自我的关系问题,“他者”是从“自我”中分离出来的,往往被认为是异类、不正常的,是“自我”的对立面。正是有了他者的存在才使得自我的主体地位得以实现。赛义德用这他者和自我来描述东方和西方、被殖民者和殖民者之间不平等的权利和话语关系。本论文共分为六章,将《海隅逐客》的人物形象和其他帝国罗曼司作家笔下的人物做了详细比较。第一章介绍了康拉德生平和《海隅逐客》内容、文献综述和本文的目的与意义等。第二章主要关于英国文学中关于探险小说和帝国罗曼司,以及英雄形象建构的传统,而《海隅逐客》则是康拉德对传统帝国罗曼司的颠覆,和对帝国英雄形象的解构。第三、四两章分析了两位白人林嘉德和威廉斯,这两个人物都解构了维多利亚时代盛行的传统的帝国英雄。第五章的主角土著枭雄巴巴拉契的强势表现更加突出了英雄梦断的主题。结论部分总结了康拉德对帝国主义态度的转变以及英雄梦断的主题的现实意义。
[Abstract]:Conrad lived at the height of the British Empire, and his contemporaries were no shortage of writers, such as Mariad, who devoted themselves to writing imperial Romance and singing praises for British imperialism and imperial heroes. Hanz and Haggard, and so on. In contrast to them, Conrad presents us in most of his works with images of imperial sunset and heroic dreams. The "Haiyu" studied in this paper is a typical representative. The traditional imperial heroes in English literature are mostly composed of wisdom, bravery, gentlemanly spirit and noble morality. But the white man in Haiyu turns the image upside down: Williams is treacherous, completely moral, betraying his boss, benefactor, and lover; "Sea King" Lin Jia de although has a little heroic temperament. But his arrogance and untimely benevolence still led to a complete failure in his career. In sharp contrast to them was the great native hero Barbara Laci, who had been dormant under the oppression of white men for many years, and finally seized the opportunity. He did not hesitate to use despicable means to use Williams' depravity to overthrow Linkard's rule and monopoly, showing extraordinary wisdom and patience; The rise of the great hero and the decline of the hero just show the trend of one and the other, which highlights the collapse of the traditional heroic image of the empire in Haijiouke, and all this highlights Conrad's idealism. The negation of heroism and imperialism. This paper starts from the perspective of Derrida deconstruction and the theory of the said other. This paper makes a detailed study on the image construction and deconstruction of the characters in Haiyu Zhuke. Derrida's deconstruction thought deconstructs the logos centrism that has existed in the western thought for thousands of years. The Eurocentrism advocated by the colonialists was completely eliminated by Derrida's "decentralization" strategy. Logos also used to divide the world into dualistic opposites, such as the West and the East, the self and the other. Civilization and barbarians, and so on, were broken in Haiyu, where Hegel and Lacan had thought about the relationship between the other and the self before said. The "other" is separated from the "self" and is often considered unusual and abnormal. It is the existence of the other that makes the subject of the self come true. Said describes the East and the West with the other and the self. The unequal right and discourse relationship between the colonized and the colonized. This thesis is divided into six chapters. The characters of Haiyu are compared with those of other imperial Romance writers. The first chapter introduces the life of Conrad and the content of Haiyu. The second chapter is mainly about the tradition of adventure novels and Roman Empire in English literature, as well as the construction of heroic images. "Haiyu Zhuke" is Conrad's subversion of the traditional Empire Romance and the deconstruction of the heroic image of the Empire. Chapter three, Chapter four analyzes the two white Lindsay and Williams. Both of these characters deconstruct the traditional Victorian heroes of the Empire. 5th's protagonist, Babarach, the great indigenous hero, highlights the theme of heroic dreams. The conclusion sums up Conrad's response to Diet. The change of attitude of nationalism and the realistic significance of the theme of heroism.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I561.074

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