波德莱尔及其诗歌的“忧郁”基调

发布时间：2018-02-08 20:07

本文关键词： 波德莱尔忧郁当下经验死亡意象女人意象　出处：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：波德莱尔及其诗歌以“忧郁”的基调著称于世。本文便以“忧郁”为切入点走进他的精神世界，挖掘的是“上帝死了”之后带来的一种现代性文化危机。当那种切己的生命经验消失，剩下的只有荒诞的碎影，诗人目光所及之处到处是一片废墟，波德莱尔正是站在这片废墟之上，转身去救赎那消失了的审美理想。以关乎人的生存状态的眼光来研究波德莱尔，不仅对于波德莱尔所处的时代具有研究的意义，对于我们当下社会也有着借鉴的作用。本文分为三个部分：第一部分，主要分析波德莱尔的审美理想与现实世界之间的断裂，论“上帝缺席”的年代里，人的生命无所寄托，“生命经验”严重匮乏，审美理想退回到黑暗之中，现实世界陷入无信仰的状态。诗人的忧郁也正是来自于无信仰的现实世界与他遥遥眺望的审美理想之间的巨大张力。第二部分，主要借助苏珊.桑塔格“土星式的忧郁”，来阐释波德莱尔的忧郁基调。主要分为三个方面：其一，孤独感。孤独是诗人在“人群”中的感受，“人群”的构成相当驳杂，成员来自于社会的各个阶层，彼此之间的冷漠、欺骗与谎言让诗人无所适从。其二，焦虑感。在冷漠“人群”中的孤独引发了诗人对时代、对人本身的思考，作为时代的清醒者，诗人对此感到了焦虑。可以说，焦虑是他对生活最为直接的感受,是生命无法回归本真之际的焦灼，也是对现实秩序的一种反抗。其三，废墟意识。波德莱尔将巴黎勾画成一幅废墟式的末世图景，而废墟正是西方现代文明的隐喻，，诗人所能做的就是用一种忧郁式的目光将这幅末世图景如实地记录下来。第三部分，以波德莱尔的诗歌创作为蓝本，分析其中的两个核心意象——“死亡意象”和“女人意象”，发掘其作品的忧郁基调。“死亡”是波德莱尔理解现实世界的一个重要意象，他借助“腐尸”、“骷髅”等丑的物象来震撼人的内心。“女人”也是诗人所关注的一个重要意象，在他的笔下“女人”有时是理想的化身，有时又是现实世界的写照。“死亡意象”以及“女人意象”共同构成了“巴黎意象”。
[Abstract]:Baudelaire and his poems are famous for the tone of melancholy. What was excavated was a cultural crisis of modernity brought about by the death of God. When that kind of personal life experience disappeared, all that was left was an absurd shrewd, and the poet's eyes were full of ruins. Baudelaire stood on the ruins and turned to redeem the lost aesthetic ideal. To study Baudelaire in terms of the state of existence is of significance not only to the age in which Baudelaire lives, For our current society also has a reference role. This paper is divided into three parts:. The first part mainly analyzes the breakage between Baudelaire's aesthetic ideal and the real world. In the age of "God's absence", human life has no sustenance, "life experience" is seriously lacking, and aesthetic ideal falls back into darkness. The poet's melancholy comes from the great tension between the unbelieving real world and his aesthetic ideal. The second part explains Baudelaire's melancholy tone with the help of Susan Sontag's Saturn melancholy. It is divided into three aspects: first, Loneliness. Loneliness is the poet's feeling in the "crowd", the composition of "crowd" is rather mixed, members from all levels of society, between the indifference of each other, deception and lies so that the poet can not follow. Second, Anxiety. The loneliness in the cold "crowd" caused the poet to think about the times and people himself. As the sober person of the times, the poet felt anxiety about it. It can be said that anxiety is his most direct feeling of life. It is the anxiety of life when it is impossible to return to its true nature, and its resistance to the order of reality. Third, the consciousness of ruins. Baudelaire paints Paris as a picture of the ruins of the last world, which is the metaphor of modern Western civilization. All the poet could do was to record the picture with a melancholy look. The third part, based on Baudelaire's poetry creation, analyzes the two core images-" death image "and" woman image ", and explores the melancholy tone of his works." death "is an important image of Baudelaire's understanding of the real world. "woman" is also an important image that the poet pays attention to. In his works, "woman" is sometimes the embodiment of the ideal. Sometimes it is the portrayal of the real world. "the image of death" and "the image of women" together constitute the image of Paris.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I565.072

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