空间体验与自由探寻：道格拉斯与雅各布斯奴隶叙事研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 21:50

本文关键词： 道格拉斯雅各布斯公共空间家庭空间空间体验　出处：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以列斐伏尔的“空间论”和詹姆斯·奥尔尼的传记理论为框架,以道格拉斯的《弗雷德里克·道格拉斯的生平》(1845)与雅各布斯的《一个奴隶女孩的生活琐事》(1861)为研究对象,从空间的视角探讨作者道格拉斯与雅各布斯对被书写自我的空间体验与争取自由意愿与行动的关系的不同再现。在这两部奴隶叙事中,奴隶所生活的社会空间成为其客体身份的表征,而奴隶则积极利用空间体验改变其客体身份,追求被认可的主体身份,这一追求主体身份的过程也是其追求自由与空间支配权的体现。通过将空间与身份建构起来,本文提出道格拉斯通过建构“弗雷德里克”这一角色,说明公共空间的言行自由对男奴主体身份建构的重要意义,而雅各布斯则通过“琳达”这一角色的建构,说明女奴要想实现从客体到主体的转变,必须建立一个属于自己的家园。论文分为三章。第一章分析性别意识和主流文化对两位作者建构主人公的空间体验所产生的影响。本章提出,由于性别意识以及文化背景的差异,两位“书写的自我”在建构“被书写的自我”时,对主人公空间体验的书写上有所不同,为下文分析两部作品中主人公的空间体验提供理论依据。受白人传记体裁中男性形象的影响,道格拉斯将主人公弗雷德里克的空间体验主要置于公共空间内,而雅各布斯受到情感主义小说中女主人公的影响,将主人公琳达的空间体验置于家庭空间内。第二章分析作者道格拉斯如何建构主人公弗雷德里克的空间体验,揭示其从客体到主体的转变过程。本章提出,作者道格拉斯通过再现奴隶制下被书写自我的空间体验,强调了公共空间内的言行自由对男奴主体身份认可的重要意义。主人公弗雷德里克从客体到主体的转变经历了三个阶段,分别是主体意识的觉醒、南方公共空间内的空间体验与参与北方公共事务,这三个阶段也体现了公共空间内的言行自由对男奴主体身份认可的重要意义。第三章分析作者雅各布斯如何建构主人公琳达的空间体验,揭示其从客体到主体的转变过程。本章提出,雅各布斯通过建构“琳达”这一角色,强调了家庭空间对女奴主体身份认可的重要意义。主人公琳达从客体到主体的转变也经历了三个阶段,分别是作为客体的空间体验、祖母家庭空间内的空间体验与建构北方家园的有效尝试,这三个阶段体现了家庭空间内的言行自由对女奴主体身份认可的重要意义。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on Lefefort's Theory of Space and James Alnie's biographical theory, and takes Douglas' Life of Friedrich Douglas 1845 and Jacobs's A Life of a Slave Girl 1861). From a spatial perspective, the author Douglas and Jacobs discuss the different reappearance of the relationship between the written self's spatial experience and the desire for freedom and action. The social space in which the slave lives becomes the representation of his object identity, while the slave actively uses the space experience to change his object identity and pursue the recognized subject identity. This process of pursuing subject identity is also the embodiment of its pursuit of freedom and spatial domination. By constructing space and identity, this paper proposes that Douglas constructs the role of Frederick. It explains the importance of the freedom of words and deeds in public space to the construction of the subject identity of male slaves, while Jacobs, through the construction of the role of "Linda", shows that female slaves want to realize the transformation from object to subject. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter analyzes the influence of gender consciousness and mainstream culture on the spatial experience of the protagonists. Because of the difference of gender consciousness and cultural background, the two "written selves" are different in the writing of the protagonist's spatial experience when they construct the "written self". It provides a theoretical basis for the analysis of the space experience of the protagonists in the two works below. Influenced by the male images in the white biographical genre, Douglas puts Frederick's spatial experience in the public space. Jacobs, under the influence of the heroine in the emotionalist novel, puts Linda's spatial experience in the family space. Chapter two analyzes how Douglas constructs the space experience of the protagonist Frederick. This chapter points out that the author of this chapter, by reappearing the spatial experience of being written under slavery, It emphasizes the importance of the freedom of words and deeds in the public space to the recognition of the subject identity of the male slave. The protagonist Frederick has experienced three stages from the object to the subject, which are the awakening of the subject consciousness. The spatial experience and participation in the public affairs of the North in the public space of the South, These three stages also reflect the importance of the freedom of words and deeds in the public space to the recognition of the subject identity of the male slave. Chapter three analyzes how Jacobs constructs the protagonist's spatial experience of Linda. Reveals the process of its transformation from object to subject. This chapter suggests that Jacobs constructs the role of Linda, It emphasizes the importance of family space to the recognition of female slave subject identity. Linda's transformation from object to subject also goes through three stages, namely, the space experience as object. The spatial experience in grandmother's family space and the effective attempt to construct the northern homeland reflect the important significance of the freedom of words and deeds in the family space to the recognition of the female slave's subject status.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I712.06

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