霍桑小说叙事研究

发布时间：2018-02-17 08:06

本文关键词： 霍桑小说叙事聚焦叙事结构叙事空间　出处：《江西师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：纳撒尼尔·霍桑是十九世纪美国文学史上浪漫主义的开拓者，美国心理分析小说的鼻祖，在美国文学史上有着重要的地位，为美国文学的发展做出重要的贡献。霍桑称自己的作品为“心理罗曼史”，提出作家应在创作中表现作品的真谛。本文以叙事学理论为指导，主要从叙事聚集、叙事结构、叙事空间三方面切入，探索人们的精神世界与道德领域，使人们的灵魂在虚实间接受洗礼。首先，叙事聚焦方面，霍桑的作品聚焦模式多种多样，如零聚焦叙事、内聚焦叙事、两种聚焦模式结合等等。然而在霍桑作品中，零聚焦叙事占据主导地位，此章选取零聚焦叙事混合多重式内聚焦叙事、固定式内聚焦交织零聚焦叙事两种较有代表性的模式进行阐述。前者主要以零聚焦叙事为主，多重式内聚焦时而穿插其中；后者虽是以固定式内聚焦为主、零聚焦为辅，但在阅读时，，读者却仍觉自己处在无所不能的位置，这实则是作者为阐释其对于人性思考的策略。其次，叙述结构方面，作品隐含着圣经U型结构、“阿拉贝斯克式”结构、项链式结构等多种结构，本篇以分析前两种具有代表性的结构为主，探索作者阐释的伦理取向。圣经U型结构背后隐含着浓厚的宗教寓意，人生而有罪，只有忏悔才可赎罪；“阿拉贝斯克式”结构则通过形散神不散的结构特征，呈现出历史的无意义，展现一种虚无的人生观。最后，叙事空间方面，霍桑作品的叙事空间多彩多姿，神秘恐怖的地理空间、错综复杂的心理空间、狂欢虚无的历史文化空间、现实与虚幻交织的精神空间等等。本文从神秘恐怖的地理空间及错综复杂的心理空间两方面入手，展现作者在这一双重空间揭示的关于人性的多面，善与恶之斗的主题。
[Abstract]:In 19th century, Nathaniel Hawthorne was the pioneer of romanticism in the history of American literature, the ancestor of American psychoanalytic novels, and played an important role in the history of American literature. Hawthorne calls his works a "psychological romance" and puts forward that writers should express the true meaning of their works in their creation. This article is guided by narratology theory, mainly from the narrative aggregation, narrative structure, The narration space cuts into three aspects, explores people's spiritual world and moral field, causes people's soul to be baptized indirectly in the false reality. First of all, in the aspect of narrative focus, Hawthorne's works focus on a variety of modes, such as zero focus narrative, internal focus narrative, combination of two focusing modes, etc. However, zero focus narrative plays a dominant role in Hawthorne's works. In this chapter, two representative models of zero focus narrative are selected: zero focus narrative mixed multiple internal focus narrative and fixed internal focus intertwined zero focus narrative. The former mainly consists of zero focus narrative and multiple internal focus sometimes intersperses with it. Although the latter is mainly fixed internal focus, zero focus is supplementary, but in reading, readers still feel that they are in a position of omnipotence, which is the author's strategy to explain the human nature thinking. Secondly, in terms of narrative structure, the works contain biblical U-shaped structure, "Alabesque" structure, item chain structure and so on. The first two representative structures are mainly analyzed in this paper. This paper explores the ethical orientation of the author's interpretation. Behind the U-shaped structure of the Bible, there is a strong religious implication, life is sinful, only repentance can be made for atonement, while the "Alabesque" structure is based on the structural characteristics of the form and dissipation of the spirit. Presents the history meaningless, displays a kind of nihilistic outlook on life. Finally, in terms of narrative space, Hawthorne's narrative space is colorful, mysterious and terrifying geographical space, complicated psychological space, carnival nihilistic historical and cultural space, This paper starts with the mysterious and terrifying geographical space and the intricate mental space, and shows the theme of the fight between the good and the evil, which the author reveals in this dual space.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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