欲望匮乏状态下的幻灭—《生活在别处》解读

发布时间：2018-03-11 01:31

本文选题：幻梦　切入点：镜像　出处：《西北大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《生活在别处》原初题名为“抒情时代”,是米兰·昆德拉对其所谓抒情态度的一个分析,昆德拉给小说的定义为：“诗人是在母亲的促使下向世界展示自己,却无法进入这个世界的年轻人。”本文从拉康的精神分析学说入手分析《生活在别处》中小说主人公雅罗米尔这一昆德拉笔下具有典型性的抒情诗人形象,解读雅罗米尔自幼年诞生于母爱圈囿的家庭,在畸变的母爱与父亲认同之间挣扎,最终死于旺年短暂一生中微妙而精细的内心活动。依据拉康“需要——需求——欲望”为主要内涵的欲望匮乏理论,以想象界,象征界,真实界为主体内在的结构层次,以主体成长构建的两个重要阶段为基础进行分析：诗人在幼年时在想象中将母亲幻梦的化身“诗人”这一母亲之镜中的形象误认为自己,到逐步步入社会追逐独立自主成年生活,却因母亲的干涉始终未能如愿,促成了雅罗米尔潜意识中根深蒂固的俄狄浦斯情结,阻碍着诗人在爱情与革命生活中独立自主的行动,他只能通过文字这一虚幻的方式,描绘呈现着想象中的成年生活,最终彻底皈依母体走向灭亡。本文对这一悲剧性命运的演变过程进行深入细致的分析。本文用拉康主体成长构建的两个阶段去分析雅罗米尔幻灭命运的缘起,形成演变过程及结果：首先,从镜像阶段的角度阐释雅罗米尔幻灭的根源：母亲有关浪漫爱情诗情画意般的幻梦不能实现,于是转嫁于尚未构建成熟主体的雅罗米尔身上。其次,诗人在俄狄浦斯阶段这一构建社会文化秩序询唤下独立主体的重要阶段中,自我意识觉醒试图逃离病态母爱的压抑扭曲,革命,爱情皆是诗人为在社会秩序中为得到他人认可获得父亲认同的独立自主的行动,但母爱的圈囿使得他的努力注定以挫败告终,主体在构建过程中皈依母体的原初欲望经过象征界父法的阉割,被压抑下去而残存于潜意识中,这一剩余在畸变的、带有疯狂占有欲的母爱干涉之下反而愈发膨胀。文中通过对诗人如何去革命、恋爱的分析根植于潜意识中的俄狄浦斯情结如何束缚着诗人,阻碍他作为独立主体的行动。通过诗歌的分析揭示诗人如何将想象中不能实现的自我理想寄托在诗歌语言符号构筑的虚幻世界。雅罗米尔现实中构建自我理想的行动挫败,只有在梦境中拥有独立自主的生活,滥用着被禁止的享乐,无限接近于与母体合一的原初状态,终究在死亡的呼唤中幻灭,诗人之死是主体深藏于潜意识中的俄狄浦斯情结的极致体现。
[Abstract]:< > the original life elsewhere entitled "lyrical era", Milan Kundera is an analysis of the so-called lyrical attitude, Kundla to the novel definition: "the poet is in the mother to reveal itself to the world, but can not enter the world of young people." this article from Lacan's psychoanalytic theory analysis < > in life around the protagonist Jarraud Kashmir this under the pen of Kundla is typical lyric poet image interpretation Jarraud Kashmir since childhood was born in love performing family, struggling between mother and father identity distortion, Wang eventually died of short life in a subtle and delicate heart activity. According to Lacan "- demand - Desire" as the main content of the lack of desire theory, to the imaginary, symbolic, real structure level in the main body, two important growth to construct subject The stage is analyzed: the poet at an early age in the incarnation of "poet" would be the mirror of the mother dreams of mother image thought, to gradually enter the society to pursue independent adult life, but because of his mother's interference has failed to do so, contributed to the ingrained Jarraud Kashmir in the subconscious of the Oedipus complex, hindering the poet independent action in love and revolution in life, he can only through the text in this fantasy, depicting showing imagination in adult life, eventually to maternal perish. The evolution of this tragic fate of the in-depth and detailed analysis.
Two stages by using Lacan's growth to build to analyze the origin of the fate of the yarrow mill disillusionment, the formation process and results of evolution: first, from the perspective of the origin of the mirror stage Jarraud Kashmir: not mother disillusionment about romantic love like a dream to achieve a quality suggestive of poetry or painting, and so on has not yet build a mature main body. Secondly, the elegant Luo mil an important stage, the poet in the Oedipus stage of the construction of social and cultural order under the independent subject of interpellation, self-consciousness, trying to escape the morbid maternal depression is distorted, revolution, love poems in human social order to get the approval of others to obtain father identity independent action, but the circle has made his love efforts are doomed to defeat in the end, the main construction process in the conversion of original desire maternal after the symbolic father of castration, is repressed and residual in The subconscious, the remaining in distortion, with crazy possessive love intervention but increasingly expansion. The poet to revolution, love is rooted in the subconscious of the Oedipus complex bound to the poet, hinder him as an independent body action. Through poetry reveals how the poet imagine the illusory world cannot realize self ideal building in the poetry language symbols. In reality, the elegant Luo mil building self ideal action of frustration, only have an independent life in the dream, the abuse of pleasure forbidden, infinitely close to the original state of unity with the mother, after all in death called disillusionment, the poet's death is the main deep in the subconscious of the Oedipus complex.

【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I565.074

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