超验主义视角下《白鲸》中“海洋”的研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 08:21

本文选题：海洋 + 超验主义　；参考：《天津理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：从西方的历史和文化来看，海洋被视为生命的摇篮，其重要性不言而喻。文学作品中的海洋总是可以影射出特定社会发展阶段的深刻内涵。美国浪漫主义作家麦尔维尔的作品《白鲸》作为一部经典海洋历险作品同样有着深刻的蕴义和启示。超验主义诞生于19世纪30至40年代，是美国文学史上的一个重要思想。其崇尚精神，认为自然和精神存在着对应关系，主张人回到大自然中去寻找生活的意义，接受自然的影响，以在精神上成为完人。本文旨在用超验主义的理论，以“海洋”作为切入点分析《白鲸》这部作品，揭示这部小说与美国超验主义理论的关联。以超验主义为视角，本文的分析从三个方面展开。第一个方面:与超验主义自然观相一致，《白鲸》中的“海洋”具有象征意义，在小说中不同人物的视角下呈现出不同的内涵；第二方面，麦尔维尔对精神的强调和超验主义思想一脉相承，主人公亚哈在与“海洋”相互斗争过程中所展示出的人类精神体现了超验主义对于精神的崇尚；第三方面，人与自然之间的关系是超验主义者重点探讨的课题。《白鲸》通过人类与“海洋”的交锋影射出了三种不同的自然观模式，三种自然观模式的不同结局暗示了唯有超验主义自然观才能维系人与自然的和谐关系。以超验主义为视角分析《白鲸》中的“海洋”为重新解读《白鲸》这部海洋经典提供了一个全新的角度。通过研究，我们能够在超验主义视角下更好的审视《白鲸》这部作品，发现《白鲸》故事情节背后更多的探求与表达,而且能够更加深切地体会到这部文学名著的艺术特征及其在美国文学史上的地位与价值。另外，，研究也给予了我们一个重要的启示，那就是超验主义自然观所倡导的：自然是具有象征意义的，人类精神与自然并非对立，二者是和谐共生的关系。这个启示正是本篇论文的意义所在。
[Abstract]:From the western history and culture, the ocean is regarded as the cradle of life, its importance is self-evident.The ocean in literary works can always insinuate the profound connotation of a particular stage of social development.American Romantic writer Melville's work Moby Dick as a classic marine adventure also has profound implications and revelations.Transcendentalism, which was born in 1830-40's, is an important thought in the history of American literature.It advocates the spirit, holds that there is a corresponding relationship between nature and spirit, advocates that people return to nature to find the meaning of life, accept the influence of nature, and become perfect in spirit.This paper aims to use the theory of transcendentalism to analyze Moby Dick from the point of view of the Ocean, and to reveal the relationship between the novel and the transcendentalism in the United States.From the perspective of transcendentalism, the analysis of this paper is carried out from three aspects.The first aspect: consistent with the transcendentalist view of nature, the "ocean" in Moby Dick has symbolic significance, showing different connotations from the perspective of different characters in the novel; second,Melville's emphasis on spirit and transcendentalism are in the same vein. The human spirit displayed by Ahab in his struggle with the Sea embodies transcendentalism's respect for spirit.The relationship between man and nature is the focus of the transcendentalists. The beluga whale insinuates three different modes of view of nature through the confrontation between man and the sea.The different outcomes of the three models imply that only transcendentalism can maintain the harmonious relationship between man and nature.The analysis of the ocean in beluga from the perspective of transcendentalism provides a new angle for rereading the classic of beluga whale.Through the research, we can better examine the work of beluga whale from the perspective of transcendentalism, and find more exploration and expression behind the story plot of beluga whale.Moreover, it can deeply understand the artistic characteristics of this literary masterpiece and its position and value in the history of American literature.In addition, the research also gives us an important inspiration, that is, transcendentalism of nature advocated: nature is symbolic, the human spirit and nature are not opposed, the two are harmonious and symbiotic relationship.This revelation is the meaning of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

【参考文献】