狄更斯历史小说中的历史叙事

发布时间：2018-05-06 00:27

本文选题：狄更斯 + 历史小说　；参考：《湘潭大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为一名批判现实主义小说家，狄更斯有着极高的文学造诣，他的作品从不同的角度为我们展示了一幅19世纪英国的广阔社会历史画面，并以其对现实的有力鞭挞和可读性强的特点，俘获了从其所处时代至今的亿万读者的心。本文以狄更斯的两部历史小说为例，阐释文学作品是怎样用文学化的方式来呈现历史，以及这种历史叙事的特点。狄更斯以其独特的历史观洞悉和感知着现实世界，认为现在是过去和未来间的平衡点，他所有创作的主流目的是传达下层人民的呼声和揭露不合理的社会现象。他的两部历史小说也不例外，它们在历史的旧瓶里装的是批判现实的新酒，描摹历史而意在现实。在《双城记》和《巴纳比鲁吉》中狄更斯通过对群族记忆的文学性反思和家庭命运的另类言说，最大限度地折射出当时的社会现状和人们内心的不安情绪，并构建了两组人生选择不同的人物，以此寻求到一条指引当时人们心灵救赎之路。但狄更斯的历史小说又不同于一般的学科意义上的历史，其中的叙事有着其自身的特点。首先，作为一位语言大师，狄更斯善于运用多种叙述方式来洞烛历史幽微，从悬念的运用到以直接引语表述心理活动等都表现出了文学所独具的特性；其次，他的历史叙事是一种基于历史事实的艺术加工，与传统历史叙事秉笔直书宏大叙事的写作态度相对，狄更斯历史小说以历史潮流中可能出现的普通人的可触摸的生活来展现大历史；再次，狄更斯历史小说笔下的历史不是文献式的冷眼旁观，而是顺应了读者的需求，把历史中能适合读者审美趣味的部分尽数呈现。这也正是狄更斯的历史小说历史性与文学性相统一的具体表现。本文从细读狄更斯的历史小说文本入手，揭示狄更斯历史小说中历史叙事与传统历史学科中历史叙事的不同之处，从而彰显出文学之为文学的特性。这不仅有助于从一个新的视角去窥探狄更斯历史小说创作的价值，，推动狄更斯研究的进一步拓展，同时对比较文学跨学科研究亦具有启示意义。
[Abstract]:As a critical realism novelist, Dickens has great literary attainments. His works show us a broad social and historical picture of the 19th century England from different angles. It has captured the hearts of hundreds of millions of readers from its era to this day because of its strong ability to whip and readability to reality. Taking Dickens' two historical novels as an example, this paper explains how literary works present history in a literary way and the characteristics of this historical narrative. Dickens, with his unique view of history, understands and perceives the real world and thinks that the present is the balance point between the past and the future. The main purpose of all his works is to convey the voice of the underclass and to expose unreasonable social phenomena. His two historical novels are no exception. They contain new wine of criticizing reality in the old bottle of history. In "A Tale of two cities" and "Panas Biluji", Dickens reflects to the greatest extent the current social situation and people's inner uneasiness through literary reflection on the memory of the group and alternative words about the fate of the family. Two groups of people with different life choices were constructed to find a way to guide people's spiritual salvation at that time. But Dickens' historical novel is different from the history in the general subject sense, and the narration has its own characteristics. First of all, as a language master, Dickens is good at using a variety of narrative methods to hole candle history, from the use of suspense to the use of direct quotes to express psychological activities have shown the unique characteristics of literature; second, His historical narration is a kind of artistic processing based on historical facts, which is opposite to the writing attitude of traditional historical narration. Dickens' historical novels show great history by the palpable lives of ordinary people that may appear in the historical trend. Thirdly, the history of Dickens' historical novels is not a documentary look on, but conforms to the needs of the readers. Present all the parts of history that fit the reader's aesthetic taste. This is the concrete manifestation of Dickens' historical and literary unity. This paper begins with a careful reading of Dickens' historical novel texts, and reveals the differences between historical narration in Dickens's historical novels and historical narration in traditional historical disciplines, thus revealing the characteristics of literature as literature. This will not only help to explore the value of Dickens' historical novel creation from a new angle of view and promote the further development of Dickens' research, but also has enlightening significance to the interdisciplinary study of comparative literature.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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